Potentiostat EIS Cyclic Voltammetry
Bayanin samfur
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai
- Sunan samfur: Na'urar Gamry
- Amfani: Gwaje-gwajen Electrochemical
- Aiki: Haɗin tantanin aunawa
- Muhimmanci: Tsarin ƙasa mai kyau don ingantaccen sakamako da
aminci
Umarnin Amfani da samfur
1. Ra'ayi Grounding
Fahimtar mahimmancin ƙasa mai kyau yana da mahimmanci ga
ingantattun ma'auni da aminci yayin electrochemical
gwaje-gwaje.
2. Saitin Haɗi
Tabbatar da haɗa na'urori masu aiki, tunani, da na'urorin lantarki
kazalika da haɗin ƙasa a kebul na cell ko potentiostat
don rage amo da inganta sakamako.
3. Matakan Tsaro
Haɗin ƙasa da ba daidai ba zai iya haifar da haɗarin aminci,
lalacewar kayan aiki, ko rauni na mutum. Koyaushe tabbatar da
saitin gwaji da tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na
potentiostat's da haɗin kebul na wayar salula.
4. Rarraba Wutar Lantarki
Fahimtar ƙa'idar gaba ɗaya na tsarin wutar lantarki zuwa
fahimci mahimmancin yin ƙasa wajen kiyaye karko voltage
matakan da amintaccen rarraba wutar lantarki.
5. Tsayawa Voltage Matakan
Yi amfani da kayan da ke da ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki don tasiri
ƙasa. Tabbatar cewa haɗin ƙasa yana da zurfi sosai a cikin
ƙasa don madaidaicin ma'anar wutar lantarki.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)
Tambaya: Me yasa ingantaccen ƙasa yana da mahimmanci ga electrochemical
gwaje-gwaje?
A: Ƙarƙashin ƙasa mai kyau yana rage amo, yana inganta sakamako
daidaito, kuma yana tabbatar da aminci yayin gwaje-gwaje.
Tambaya: Menene haɗarin haɗin ƙasa mara daidai?
A: Haɗin ƙasa ba daidai ba na iya haifar da haɗarin aminci,
lalacewar kayan aiki, rauni na mutum, ko ma mutuwa.
Ƙirƙirar Kayan aiki da Jagora don Saitin Dama
Manufar Wannan Bayanin
Wannan bayanin kula na fasaha an yi niyya ne don taimaka muku fahimtar kalmar "ƙasa". Yawancin masu bincike suna ɗaukar wannan batu da sauƙi. Koyaya, wannan ba kawai zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga gwajin ku ba amma zai haifar da yanayi masu haɗari a gare ku da kewayen ku. Za mu tattauna ainihin manufar ƙaddamar da ƙasa, manufarsa, da kuma bayyana yadda ake haɗa na'urar Gamry daidai da tantanin aunawa.
Gabatarwa
Lokacin gudanar da gwaje-gwajen lantarki, masu bincike galibi suna tunanin haɗa kayan aiki, tunani, da na'urar lantarki. Ana yin watsi da haɗin ƙasa a kebul na cell ko potentiostat sau da yawa. Ko da yake yana iya zama mafi kyau a bar su a cire haɗin, daidaitaccen haɗin ƙasa zai iya taimakawa wajen rage amo da ake gani a siginar da aka auna kuma ta haka zai haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.
Koyaya, haɗin ƙasa mara kyau zai iya haifar da haɗari mai aminci wanda ba zai iya lalata kayan aikin kawai ba amma kuma yana haifar da rauni ko mutuwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman idan tantanin da aka auna ba ya keɓanta daga ƙasan ƙasa wanda ba koyaushe a bayyane yake ba. Don haka yana da mahimmanci musamman a san saitin gwaji da ayyukan haɗin haɗin ƙasa na potentiostat da kebul na cell.
Rarraba Wutar Lantarki
Ƙarƙashin ƙasa yana gina tushen gabaɗayan tsarin wutar lantarki, farawa daga tsararsa har zuwa ƙarshen mabukaci. Hoto na 1 yana nuna ka'ida ta gaba ɗaya na rarraba wutar lantarki.
Hoto 1: Babban ka'ida na tsarin wutar lantarki.
Ana shigar da wutar lantarki da tashoshin wutar lantarki ke samarwa a cikin grid na lantarki, hanyar sadarwa na transfoma da layukan watsawa waɗanda ke rarraba wutar lantarki ga masu amfani da gida da na masana'antu.
Electricity is transported via transmission towers over long distances. Here, power losses due to heat generation and power line resistance need to be minimized. Lowering the current ( = 2) or increasing voltage bi da bi yana rage waɗannan asara. Saboda haka, masu canji suna haɓaka voltage matakin zuwa voltages tsakanin 230 kV da 765 kV kafin a ciyar da su cikin wutar lantarki.
Waɗannan voltage matakan sun yi yawa ko da yake don amfanin zama ko masana'antu. Don amfani da masana'antu, masu taswira sun sauko da voltage zuwa tsakiyar-voltage matakan tsakanin 4 kV da 69 kV. Ga masu amfani da zama, voltage yana ƙara sauka zuwa 120 V da 240 V bi da bi kuma ana rarraba shi ga kowane gida ta layin rarraba. Wannan low-voltage yana da aminci don amfani da kayan aikin gida na lantarki.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen tabbatar da tsayayyen wutar lantarki shi ne guje wa manyan jujjuyawar wutar lantarkin da ake samu a cikin tsarin. Manyan tudu saboda kutaga cikin samar da wutar lantarki, yawan wadatar wutar lantarki, ko gazawa a tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki na iya tarwatsa dukkan grid ɗin wutar lantarki kuma ya haifar da katsewa. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na aminci don guje wa waɗannan gazawar kamar bankunan wutar lantarki, tura wutar lantarki zuwa wasu cibiyoyin sadarwa, rufe (ko sake kunnawa) tashoshin wutar lantarki, da sauransu.
Domin cikakken grid ɗin wutar lantarki ya yi aiki, haɗin ƙasa wani yanki ne da babu makawa. Ba za a sami damar yin amfani da waɗannan ɗimbin wutar lantarki cikin aminci ba tare da ƙasa ba wanda ke nufin samun maƙasudin ma'ana gama gari don vol.tage. Wannan batu gama gari shine Duniya.
Tsayawa Voltage Matakan
Bisa ga ma'anarsa, juzu'itage shine bambanci tsakanin abubuwa biyu. Ba tare da samun tsayayye da ingantaccen ma'anar tunani ba, yana da kusan ba zai yuwu a sami karɓuwa ba
voltage matakan ko ma san girman irin waɗannan matakan. Duniya wuri ne mai dacewa kuma (ba abin mamaki bane) wurin tunani na duniya da muke da damar zuwa. Tare da ƙaƙƙarfan yawan sa, yana iya ɗaukar ƙananan adadin wutar lantarki marasa iyaka ba tare da fuskantar kowane voltage canza. Wannan ya sa ya zama wuri mai kyau wanda za mu kira shi "ƙasa" ko "ƙasa". Don haka, ana amfani da ƙasan ƙasa azaman “sifiri-volt point point”, ma'ana cewa yuwuwar sa sifili volts. Hakanan mutum na iya kiransa da electrode nuni na duniya.
Duk da haka, ita kanta Duniya gabaɗaya ba ita ce jagora mafi inganci ba. Ba za ku iya kawai kunna waya daga kayan aiki ba kuma ku manne ta cikin ƙasa. Domin Duniya ta yi aiki azaman ma'anar nunin sifili-volt, muna buƙatar amfani da kayan aiki tare da ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki (watau ƙaramar juriya) kuma dole ne a angare shi sosai a cikin ƙasa don samar da ingantaccen haɗin lantarki. Na al'ada exampdon kyakkyawar haɗin ƙasa mai kyau sune:
· sandunan ƙasa ko zoben ƙasa
· karfen bututun ruwa na karkashin kasa
· layukan da aka yi da kankare
Tsaro
Haɗin ƙasa ba wai kawai yana ba da wurin tunani akai-akai ba amma kuma yana aiki azaman tsarin aminci daga girgiza wutar lantarki. Idan haɗin ƙasa ba shi da kyau, “ɓataccen voltages” na iya bayyana. Wannan yana nufin cewa yuwuwar wutar lantarki tsakanin abubuwa biyu na iya faruwa inda yawanci bai kamata a sami voltage bambanci. Sakamakon haka, cajin lantarki zai iya haɓakawa, yana haifar da ƙara haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki yayin taɓa kayan lantarki.
Matsakaicin matsananciyar damuwa tsakanin madugu da ƙasa kuma yana haifar da babban bambanci mai yuwuwa, misaliample by bad ground connection or fallen down power lines. The potential difference is highest at the contact point and decreases with increasing distance. This phenomenon is also called “earth potential rise” (EPR). The potential difference is registered by the human body and the distance between the feet (step potential). Normally, this difference is small enough for the body to not recognize it. But if large enough it can be deadly, for example ta hanyar kasancewa kusa da layin wutar lantarki da ya fadi.
Wutar Lantarki
Hoto 2 yana nuna daidaitattun 2-pin da 3-pin soket waɗanda ake amfani da su a Arewacin Amurka (NEMA 5-15 soket) da kuma sassan Turai ( soket CEE 7/3, "Schuko"). Lura cewa ba kawai zane ya bambanta ta yanki ba har ma da wadata
voltage. Don misaliample, a Arewacin Amurka mizanin voltage shine 110-120 V, yayin da yake 220-240 V a Turai. Hoto 2: Nau'in toshe wutar lantarki da ake amfani da su a NA (hagu) da sassan
Turai (dama).
Lokacin shigar da na'ura, halin yanzu yana gudana daga wayar "zafi" don ciyarwar farko ta hanyar wutar lantarki ta hanyar na'urar kuma ya koma wariyar "tsaka-tsaki" wanda aka haɗa da ƙasa ta ƙasa kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto 3. Saboda "neutral" yana da alaƙa da ƙasa, yana aiki azaman sifili-vol.tage reference point.
Hoto na 3: Zane na wayoyi don hanyar 2-hanyar (saman) da hanyar fita ta 3 (kasa).
Haɗi na uku da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kwasfa masu rahusa uku zalla tana aiki azaman kafaffen haɗin ƙasa don ƙashin kayan aikin. Wannan haɗin yana dacewa da na'urori waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin fasalulluka na aminci da aka tattauna a sashe na gaba. Dangane da ƙirar kayan aiki, na'urori za a iya bambanta tsakanin nau'i uku.
Koyaushe bincika ƙimar wutar lantarki na na'urar lantarki, musamman lokacin tafiya. Dangane da yankin, voltagMa'auni na iya bambanta wanda zai iya haifar da lalata na'urarka da haifar da haɗari.
Rarraba Kayan aiki
Dangane da ma'aunin IEC 61010 na duniya, buƙatun aminci don kayan lantarki don aunawa, sarrafawa, da Amfani da dakin gwaje-gwaje, kayan lantarki dole ne a gwada su kuma dole ne su cika wasu buƙatun gwaji kafin a siyar da su. Dangane da zane da voltage matakan da ake amfani da su, kayan aikin za a iya kasasu zuwa aji uku:
Class I: Kayan aiki suna buƙatar haɗaɗɗen rufin asali da ƙasa mai kariya don rage haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki. Kayayyakin wutar lantarki na Class I suna da receptacle 3-pin, tare da fitin sa na ƙasa da aka haɗa da chassis na kayan aiki lokacin da aka haɗa su. Biyu exampNa'urorin Class 1 sune Gamry's Reference 30k Booster da Interface Power Hub (IPH).
Class II: Kayan aiki ba sa buƙatar ƙasa mai kariya amma suna buƙatar rufin matakin mataki biyu (ko dai ta ninki biyu ko ƙarfafawa). Na'urori na Class II suna amfani da kayan wuta tare da ma'auni na 2-pin, tare da kawai "tsaka-tsaki" waya da aka kasa zuwa ƙasa. Kayan aiki yawanci suna da keɓan haɗin ƙasa don chassis amma ba a haɗa shi da ƙasan ƙasa. Kowane Gamry potentiostat kamar Interface 1010 ko Reference 3000 yana cikin wannan rukuni.
· Class III: Ba a buƙatar ƙarin kariya kuma abin rufe fuska ya isa. Ana ba da kayan aiki ta wani keɓantaccen ƙaramin ƙaramitage (SELV) samar da wutar lantarki kuma kar a wuce ƙarin-ƙananan voltage (ELV) iyaka, watau, 50 V rms, ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada. Na al'ada exampLaptop ko wayoyin hannu.
Ƙarshen Kalmomi
Dangane da haɗin ƙasa, ana amfani da ma'anoni daban-daban don filaye:
Ƙasar ƙasa: Gabaɗaya kalma don haɗin ƙasa tsakanin ɓangaren sarrafa kayan aiki da tsarin ƙasa na waje, misali, ta haɗa kebul na ƙasa tsakanin kayan aiki da ƙasan ƙasa. An kwatanta ƙasan ƙasa da alama mai zuwa:
ƙasa zuwa ƙasa lokacin da aka toshe, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 3B. Duk kayan aikin Class I suna buƙatar ƙasa mai kariya kamar Gamry's Reference 30k Booster da Interface Power Hub. Alamar ƙasa mai karewa ita ce:
Ƙasar chassis: wurin haɗin ƙasa tsakanin shingen kayan aiki da ƙasan ƙasa. Dangane da ƙirar kayan aikin, ƙila ko ƙila ba za a haɗa shi da kewayen kayan aikin ba. Kula da alamar sa ta daban daban.
· Tsarin ƙasa: wurin haɗin ƙasa na kewayen kayan aiki. Ba a haɗa shi da chassis na kayan aiki amma kawai kewayawa.
Ƙasa mai iyo: Wurin gama gari na kayan aiki wanda ba ya haɗa da tsarin ƙasa. Dole ne a ware ƙasa mai iyo daga ƙasa yayin gwajin tsarin ƙasa!
Ƙasar ƙasa mai kariya: Dangane da ma'auni na duniya IEC 61010, an bayyana ƙasa mai kariya a matsayin haɗin haɗin kai tsakanin sassan kayan aiki da tsarin ƙasa na waje. Ana yin wannan haɗin ta hanyar layin ƙasa a cikin igiyar layin AC. Kayan aiki tare da ƙasa mai karewa koyaushe
Haɗin tantanin halitta mai ƙasa zuwa ƙasa mai ƙarfi na ƙasa (ta hanyar tsarin ko ƙasan chassis) na iya gajarta tantanin halitta. Wannan na iya haifar da igiyoyin ruwa da yawa da yanayi masu haɗari.
Wataƙila kun lura da amfani da kalmomin "ƙasa" da "ƙasa" a cikin wannan bayanin fasaha. Ana amfani da waɗannan sharuɗɗan biyu sau da yawa tare amma wannan ba daidai ba ne:
· “Grounding” wani kayan aiki yana nufin cewa waya “tsaka-tsaki” na cabling tana ba da haɗin kai tsakanin ƙasan ƙasa da kewayen kayan aikin na ciki. Babban manufarsa ita ce kare kayan aikin da kanta ta hanyar daidaita magudanar ruwa da ba a so saboda nauyi mai yawa ko rashin daidaituwa.
“Duniya” tana ba da haɗin kai tsakanin shingen kayan aiki da ƙasan ƙasa. Ya bambanta da ƙasa, baya ƙara kwanciyar hankali na tsarin amma yana kare mai amfani daga girgizar lantarki mai cutarwa. Ana rage haɓakar caji a cikin shinge ta hanyar haɗin kai tsaye zuwa ƙasa don haka yana rage haɗarin girgizar lantarki.
Ƙaddamar da Gamry potentiostat
Duk na'urorin Gamry Instruments suna iya "ayyukan iyo". Kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama, wannan yana nufin cewa ba a haɗa haɗin haɗin gwiwa na potentiostat zuwa ƙasan ƙasa kuma ya keɓe gaba ɗaya, don haka yana ba da damar gwaji tare da ƙwayoyin ƙasa. Koyaya, saitin gwaji bazai ƙunshi tantanin halitta ba amma kuma yayi amfani da kayan taimako, kejin Faraday, ko wasu na'urori. Waɗannan na iya gabatar da haɗin ƙasa waɗanda ba koyaushe suke bayyana ba. Domin saita gwaji daidai da aminci, yakamata ku duba abubuwan da ke biyowa:
Wane nau'in potentiostat ne ake amfani dashi?
· Tantanin halitta yana kasa ne?
Ana amfani da kejin Faraday?
Shin akwai wasu na'urori masu taimako na waje da aka haɗa?
Koyaushe koma zuwa littafin Ma'aikata na potentiostat kafin kafa gwaji. Ya ƙunshi bayanai masu amfani game da ƙirar na'urar, fasalinta, kuma yana ba da shawara don saita gwaji daidai.
1. Wadanne hanyoyin haɗin ƙasa akwai? Batu na farko da za a bincika shine nau'in potentiostat da ake amfani da shi da menene haɗin ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci, nau'in nau'in kayan aikin ana bayyana shi a cikin littafin jagorar mai aiki. A sauƙaƙe na'urori na buƙatar haɗin ƙasa na kariya, watau, haɗin ƙayyadadden ƙasa tsakanin ƙasa da al'adar kayan aiki. Ana yin wannan haɗin ta hanyar filogin ƙasa na igiyar layin AC mai 3-pin.
Kada ku yi watsi da kariyar ƙasa ta kowace hanya. Kar a yi amfani da Reference 30k Booster tare da igiya tsawo na wayoyi biyu, adaftar da ba ta samar da ƙasa mai kariya, ko wutar lantarki wanda ba a haɗa shi da kyau ba. Gamry's Reference 30k Booster tsohon neampna'urar nau'in Class I. Yana da haɗin ƙasa guda biyu akan bangon baya mai suna Protective Ground da System Ground, kamar yadda aka nuna Hoto 4. Dukansu abubuwan ɗaure suna keɓe daga juna. Ko da ba a haɗa ma'aunin daurin ƙasa mai kariyar kan bangon baya ba, ana ci gaba da haɗin haɗin ƙasa idan an yi amfani da igiyoyi masu dacewa.
Idan ka maye gurbin igiyar layin AC, dole ne ka yi amfani da igiyar layi tare da polarity iri ɗaya da ƙimar wutar lantarki kamar wanda aka kawo tare da kayan aikinka. Igiyar layin da ba ta dace ba na iya haifar da haɗari mai aminci, wanda zai iya haifar da rauni ko mutuwa.
Idan tantanin da aka auna ya keɓe daga ƙasan ƙasa, ana iya haɗa filaye biyu ta amfani da madaurin ƙasa da aka tanadar. Wannan na iya taimakawa rage hayaniya a ma'aunin.
Hoto 4: Reference 30k Booster na baya panel masu haɗin ƙasa.
Idan tantanin halitta ya kasance a ƙasa, dole ne a ware filaye biyu kuma kada a haɗa tsarin ƙasa da ƙasa.
Hanya na biyu na haɗin kai zuwa ƙasan tsarin Mai haɓaka shine ma'anar baƙin gubar na USB. Ana ba da shawarar cire faifan alligator na gubar na ƙasa don guje wa duk wani hulɗar haɗari zuwa ƙasa, rashin aikin iyo kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 5. A mafi yawan lokuta, zaku iya barin shi a cire amma yana iya zama da amfani tare da kejin Faraday kamar yadda aka tattauna daga baya. Hoto 5: Reference 3000 na USB na hankali tare da alligator
clip na baƙar fata gubar ƙasa cire.
Duk sauran na'urorin Gamry kamar su Interface da Reference family potentiostats, RxE 10k rotator, ko LPI1010 suna cikin nau'in Class II. Suna amfani da filogin wutar lantarki 2-pin kuma basa buƙatar haɗin haɗin ƙasa. Akwai filogi na ƙasa guda ɗaya kawai akan bangon baya, wanda ake kira Chassis Ground kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 6. Hoto 6: Reference 3000 rear panel ground connector.
Chassis Ground shine na kowa voltage tunani batu na potentiostat's circuitry da chassis. Yana iyo game da ƙasa ƙasa kuma ba a haɗa shi da kowane tsarin ƙasa na ƙasa. Wurin haɗi na biyu zuwa ƙasan chassis shine tantanin halitta ko jin baƙar gubar na USB. Ana ba da shawarar cire faifan alligator na gubar na ƙasa don guje wa duk wani tuntuɓar ƙasa na bazata, aikin yin iyo kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto na 5. A cikin ɗayan waɗannan lokuta biyu, aiki a cikin aikin iyo yana ba da damar nazarin aminci na saitin ma'aunin ƙasa. Wannan yana zuwa tare da raguwa ko da yake ana iya lalata aikin kayan aikin.
Haɗin tantanin halitta mai ƙasa zuwa ƙasa mai ƙarfi na ƙasa (ta hanyar tsarin ko ƙasan chassis) na iya gajarta tantanin halitta. Wannan na iya haifar da igiyoyin ruwa da yawa da yanayi masu haɗari.
Ana iya yin watsi da aikin iyo idan saitin tantanin halitta da aka auna ya keɓe sosai daga ƙasan ƙasa kamarample a cikin tantanin halitta gilashi ko baturi a cikin UBH. Haɗin tsarin ko ƙasan chassis zuwa ƙasa na iya rage hayaniyar awo da ake gani a gwaje-gwajen lantarki.
2. Tantanin halitta yana kasa ne?
Bayan fayyace abin da ake amfani da nau'in potentiostat, za mu iya saita mayar da hankali kan tantanin halitta kuma mu bincika ko ta kasance ƙasa ko a'a. Yawanci, saitin sinadaran lantarki a cikin dakin gwaje-gwajen sunadarai sun ƙunshi tantanin gilashi da ke cike da na'urar lantarki da na'urorin lantarki da aka nutsar da su (lantarki mai aiki, electrode reference, counter electrode). Wannan nau'in saitin gabaɗaya baya cikin ƙasa. Batura, capacitors, ko sel na hasken rana ƙarin examples na ware sel. Don haka, ba a buƙatar aiki mai iyo.
Duk da haka, akwai sel da yawa waɗanda suke ƙasa waɗanda ba za su iya zama a bayyane ba a farkon kallo. A ƙasa akwai jerin 'yan kaɗanampdon tsarin ƙasa:
· Autoclaves o A yawancin lokuta, bangon da ke ƙasan autoclave gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi azaman na'urar lantarki ta tantanin halitta.
· Bututun ruwa
o Sau da yawa bututun ruwa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa suna ƙasa da ƙasa waɗanda ba za su iya fitowa fili ba da farko. Saboda haɗin kai kai tsaye da ƙasa, suna yin kyakkyawan jagoranci na ƙasa. Don haka yi taka tsantsan yayin yin gwajin lalata a filin.
· Tankunan ajiya ko man fetur
o Don dalilai na aminci da kuma rage haɗarin girgizar wutar lantarki, tankunan man fetur suna ƙasa.
· Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa
o Don samun kyakykyawan hoto, ana yawan haɗa na'urar lantarki da ke aiki da na'urar na'urar microscope wanda ita kuma ta zama ƙasa.
Na'urori masu gudana (misali, ƙwayoyin mai ko na'urorin lantarki)
o Layukan mashigai ko magudanar ruwa mai matsewa ta amfani da bututun ƙarfe na faranti mai tara ƙasa.
Koyaushe tabbatar idan tantanin da aka auna ya keɓe ya zama ƙasa ko a'a a cikin saitin ku na yanzu. Idan ba ku da tabbas, tambayi mai fasaha kafin ci gaba da ma'aunin ku.
3. Yin amfani da kejin Faraday?
Using a Faraday cage such as Gamry’s Faraday ShieldTM can help reduce noise when measuring small signals. By encasing your cell with a metal enclosure, both the effect of external electrical fields as well as electromagnetic radiation can be reduced.
Ana iya samun cikakken bayani game da ƙa'idar gaba ɗaya na kejin Faraday a cikin Gamry's Technical Note Faraday Cage: Menene Wannan? Yaya Aiki yake.
Haɗa baƙar jagorar kebul ɗin tantanin halitta zuwa kejin Faraday wanda ke haɗe da ƙasa mai iyo na potentiostat. Yi hankali kada gubar ƙasa ta taɓa kowane ɗayan hanyoyin haɗin sel. Hakanan tabbatar da cewa ba a haɗa kejin Faraday da kowane tsarin ƙasa wanda zai iya ɓatar da ƙarfin yin iyo na potentiostat.
4. An haɗa kayan taimako?
Yin amfani da duk wani na'ura mai taimako kamar oscilloscopes na iya rushe tantanin halitta ko potentiostat da gangan. Don misaliample, haɗa da Monitor BNC na wani Reference 3000 potentiostat zuwa oscilloscope zai ƙasa da kayan aiki. Don haka, dole ne mutum ya yi hankali yayin haɗa kowane na'ura na waje zuwa tantanin halitta ko potentiostat.
Wani exampLe shine LPI1010TM Load/Power Interface wanda ke amfani da wutar lantarki ta waje ko lodin lantarki don gwaji tare da vol.tages na har zuwa 1000 V. Saboda wadannan m voltages da hadadden saitin sa, za mu tattauna LPI1010 da haɗin ƙasa daban a ƙasa.
Kada ka yi amfani da potentiostat naka ko duk wani kayan aikin taimako idan kana tunanin zai iya zama haɗari. ƙwararrun ma'aikatan sabis su duba ta.
Koma zuwa ga taswirar kwarara don ma'auni na Class I da Class II da aka nuna a cikin hoto 7 da siffa 8. Yi amfani da su azaman jagorori don saitin auna ku.
Hoto 7: Taswirar gangara ta ƙasa don potentiostat Class I (Reference 30k Booster da aka haɗa zuwa Reference 3000).
(Reference k Booster)
(Magana)
Hoto 8: Taswirar gangara don ma'auni na Class II potentiostat (misali, Interface 1010).
(misali, Interface)
Haɗa masarrafar Load/Power LPI1010
Tsarin Lab na EIS na yau da kullun ba zai iya ɗaukar babban voltages na har zuwa 1000 V waɗanda ake buƙata don nazarin manyan fakitin baturi da tarin ƙwayoyin mai. Gamry's LPI1010TM an ƙera shi don samun dama ga irin wannan voltage matakan ba tare da sadaukar da kowane aikin EIS ba. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku waɗanda ke sarrafa waɗannan voltage jeri: 10V, 100V da 1000V.
Hoto 9 yana nuna tsarin al'ada na LPI1010. Ya ƙunshi Interface 1010E potentiostat a haɗe tare da LPI1010.
LPI1010 D-sub module yana toshe cikin Interface 1010 mai haɗin kebul na cell kuma ana samun ƙarfin ta ta mai haɗin I/O mai amfani na potentiostat. Kebul guda biyu suna gudana daga tsarin D-sub module. Ɗayan yana haɗe zuwa LPI Cable End module wanda ke sarrafa voltage monitoring and down-regulates voltages wuce ±10 V. Vol. Biyutage ji igiyoyi suna haɗa shi zuwa na'urar da ke ƙarƙashin gwaji (DUT). Kebul na biyu yana sarrafa sarrafawa da kulawa na yanzu. Ta hanyar masu haɗin BNC, yana buɗewa kai tsaye cikin Kayan Wutar Lantarki na Bipolar (don nazarin baturi) ko Load ɗin Lantarki (don nazarin ƙwayoyin mai). Duk na'urorin biyu an sake haɗa su zuwa DUT.
Hoto 9: Saitin al'ada na LPI1010.
Babban voltage matakan da hadaddun saitin sun riga sun nuna cewa daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗin ƙasa sun fi mahimmanci yayin amfani da LPI1010. Th LPI1010 kanta na'urar Class II ce kuma baya buƙatar ƙasa mai kariya. Yana iyo game da ƙasa ƙasa. Kayan aikin chassis da na'urar kewayawa ta gama garitage tunani batu ne Chassis Ground.
Yawancin kayan wuta da na'urorin lantarki suna haɗe da ƙasa mai kariya. Don haka, zai kuma yi ƙasa da ƙasa LPI1010 bayan haɗa duka biyun. Wannan zai kawar da iyawar sa na iyo wanda zai iya haifar da yanayi mai haɗari lokacin auna sel da ke ƙasa.
Koyaushe koma zuwa littafin mai aiki na samar da wutar lantarki ko kayan lantarki da aka yi amfani da su tare da LPI1010 naka.
Yi amfani da jadawali mai gudana a cikin Hoto 10 azaman jagora don saitin ma'aunin LPI1010 naku.
Hoto 10: Taswirar gangara don saitin LPI1010.
(PI)
Takaitawa
Yawancin lokaci ana yin watsi da ƙasa yayin kafa gwaji. Amma ana buƙatar ƙarin taka tsantsan idan tantanin halitta da aka gwada yana ƙasa. Haɗin ƙasa mara kyau na iya haifar da yanayi mai haɗari wanda bazai lalata kayan aikin kawai ba amma kuma yana cutar da ku da kewayen ku.
Don haka yana da mahimmanci a san saitin ma'aunin ku. Koyaushe bincika abubuwan haɗin ƙasa da ake samu akan su
kayan aikin ku. Tabbatar cewa tantanin halitta yana da alaƙa da ƙasan ƙasa wanda a wasu lokuta ba koyaushe yake bayyana ba. Ƙarin kayan aiki kamar autoclaves ko oscilloscopes na iya kuma tantanin halitta na ƙasa ko potentiostat.
Bi sigogi masu gudana a cikin wannan bayanin kula na fasaha kuma yi amfani da su azaman jagorori don daidaita ƙarfin Gamry ko LPI1010 daidai.
Ƙirƙirar Kayan aiki da Jagora don Saitin Dama. Rev. 1.0 10/24/2024 © Copyright 2024 Gamry Instruments, Inc.
734 Louis Drive · Warminster, PA 18974 · Tel. 215 682-9330 · Fax 215 682-9331 · www.gamry.com · info@gamry.com
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KAYAN GAMRY Potentiostat EIS Cyclic Voltammetry [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani lpi1010, Potentiostat EIS Cyclic Voltammetry, Potentiostat, EIS Cyclic Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, Voltammetry |