ESP-01S Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru
Jagorar Mai Amfani

ESP-01S Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru

Buga Bayanan Sensor Matter zuwa Adafruit IO Tare da Maker Pi Pico da ESP-01S
by Kevinjwalters
Wannan labarin yana nuna yadda ake buga bayanai daga na'urori masu auna sigina masu rahusa guda uku zuwa sabis na Adafruit IO IoT ta amfani da Cytron Maker Pi Pico wanda ke gudanar da shirin CircuitPython yana watsa abubuwan firikwensin akan Wi-Fi tare da tsarin ESP-01S da ke gudana AT rmware.
Hukumar ta WHO ta bayyana PM2.5 a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi girman hatsarin muhalli ga lafiya tare da kashi 99% na al'ummar duniya suna zaune a wuraren da WHO ba ta cika ka'idojin ingancin iska ba a cikin 2019. Ta yi kiyasin mutuwar mutane miliyan 4.2 da wuri-wuri ta haifar da wannan. a shekarar 2016.
Na'urori masu auna sigina guda uku da aka nuna a wannan labarin sune:

• da Plantower PMS5003 ta amfani da serial connection;
• Sensiron SPS30 ta amfani da i2c;
• Omron B5W LD0101 tare da fitowar bugun jini.

Waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin gani sun yi kama da waɗanda aka samo a cikin nau'in ƙararrawar hayaƙi na gida amma sun mutu a ƙoƙarinsu na ƙidaya barbashi masu girma dabam maimakon ƙararrawa kawai a madaidaicin kofa.
PMS5003 na tushen jan Laser firikwensin sha'awar sha'awa ne da aka saba amfani dashi kuma ana iya samunsa a cikin firikwensin ingancin iska na PurpleAir PA-II. SPS30 shine firikwensin kwanan nan ta amfani da ƙa'ida ɗaya kuma ana iya samuwa a cikin Clarity Node-S mai ingancin iska. Infrared LED-based B5W LD0101 firikwensin yana da mafi tsoho dubawa amma yana da amfani don ikonsa na gano barbashi mafi girma fiye da 2.5 microns - sauran na'urori biyu ba za su iya auna waɗannan ba.
Adafruit IO yana ba da matakin kyauta tare da iyakataccen adadin ciyarwa da dashboards - waɗannan sun dace da wannan aikin. Ana adana bayanan matakin kyauta na kwanaki 30 amma ana iya sauke bayanan cikin sauƙi.
Hukumar Maker Pi Pico a cikin wannan labarin shine kamar hakaample Cyron da alheri ya aiko mini don in kimanta. Iyakar abin da ke faruwa ga sigar samarwa shine ƙari na abubuwan da ba a so ba don lalata maɓallan uku.
ESP-01S na iya buƙatar haɓakawa na AT rmware. Wannan tsari ne mai rikitarwa, ddly kuma yana iya ɗaukar lokaci. Cytron sayar da module tare da dacewa AT rmware akansa.
Omron B5W LD0101 firikwensin abin takaici masana'anta ne ke dakatar da shi tare da umarni na ƙarshe a cikin Maris 2022.
Kayayyaki:

• Cytron Maker Pi Pico – Digi-key | PiHut
• ESP-01S – Hukumar Cytron ta zo tare da ATrmware mai dacewa.
• ESP-01 adaftar USB/mai tsara shirye-shirye tare da maɓallin sake saiti – Cytron.
• Allodi.
• Wayoyin tsalle-tsalle na mace zuwa namiji, watakila 20cm (8in) mafi ƙarancin tsayi.
• Plantower PMS5003 tare da kebul da adaftar allo - Adafruit
• ko Plantower PMS5003 + Adaftar allo na Pimoroni - Pimoroni + Pimoroni
• Sensiion SPS30 – Digi-key
  • Sparkfun SPS30 JST-ZHR na USB zuwa 5 maza fil - Digi-key
  • 2 x 2.2k resistors.
• Omron B5W LD0101 - Mouser
  • Kebul na Omron da aka siffanta a matsayin kayan aiki (2JCIE-HARNESS-05) - Mouser
  • 5 fil na kai namiji (don daidaita kebul zuwa allon burodi).
  • solder – kada (alligator) shirye-shiryen bidiyo na iya aiki azaman madadin saida.
  • 2 x 4.7k resistors.
  • 3 x 10k resistors.
  • 0.1uF capacitor.
  • Ikon baturi don Omron B5W LD0101:
    • 4AA mariƙin baturi don batirin NiMH masu caji (mafi kyawun zaɓi).
    • ko mariƙin batir 3AA don batir alkaline.
• Fakitin wutar lantarki na USB na iya zama da amfani idan kuna son gudu a waje daga tushen wutar USB.

Mataki 1: USB Programmer don Ana ɗaukaka Flash akan ESP-01S

Tsarin ESP-01S ba shi yiwuwa ya zo tare da dacewa AT rmware akan sa sai dai idan ya fito daga Cytron. Hanya mafi sauƙi don sabunta shi ita ce amfani da tebur na Windows ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka tare da adaftar USB wanda ke ba da damar toka kuma yana da maɓallin sake saiti.
Abin baƙin ciki shine na kowa, adaftar mara alama sau da yawa ana bayyana shi azaman wani abu kamar "ESP-01 Mai Adaftar Shirye-shiryen Shirye-shiryen UART" ba shi da maɓalli ko maɓalli don sarrafa waɗannan. Bidiyon da ke sama yana nuna yadda za'a iya sauya wannan cikin sauri
tare da wasu gyare-gyaren da aka yi daga wayoyi masu tsalle-tsalle guda biyu na maza zuwa mata da aka yanke gida biyu kuma an sayar da su a kan fil ɗin da ke ƙarƙashin allon shirye-shiryen. Za a iya ganin wata hanya ta madadin wannan ta amfani da allon burodi a Hackaday:
ESPhome akan ESP-01 Windows Workflow.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXXXgaePZX8

Mataki 2: Ana ɗaukaka Firmware akan ESP-01S Amfani da Windows

Ana iya amfani da shirin tasha kamar PuTTY tare da ESP-01 Programmer don duba sigar rmware. rmware yana sa ESP8266 yayi aiki kamar modem tare da umarni da aka yi wahayi daga saitin umarnin Hayes. Umurnin AT+GMR AT+GMR yana nuna sigar rmware.
AT+GMR
AT version: 1.1.0.0 (Mayu 11, 2016 18:09:56)
Sigar SDK: 1.5.4 (baaeaebb)
lokacin tara: Mayu 20 2016 15:08:19
Cytron yana da jagorar da ke kwatanta yadda ake amfani da sabuntawar rmware ta amfani da Espressif Flash Download Tool (Windows kawai) akan GitHub: CytronTechnologies/esp-at-binaries. Cytron kuma yana ba da kwafin binary na rmware, Cytron_ESP-01S_AT_Firmware_V2.2.0.bin.
Bayan nasarar haɓaka sabon rmware za a ba da rahoton azaman sigar 2.2.0.0
AT+GMR
AT sigar:2.2.0.0(b097cdf - ESP8266 - Juni 17 2021 12:57:45)
Sigar SDK: v3.4-22-g967752e2
lokacin tara (6800286): Agusta 4 2021 17:20:05
Sigar Bin: 2.2.0 (Cytron_ESP-01S)
Shirin layin umarni da ake kira esptool yana samuwa azaman madadin tsara ESP8266 na tushen ESP-01S kuma ana iya amfani dashi akan Linux ko macOS.
Ana iya gwada rmware akan ESP-01S akan Maker Pi Pico ta amfani da Cytron's simpletest.py. Wannan yana aika da ICMP ping zuwa sanannen sabis akan Intanet kowane sakan 10 kuma yana nuna lokacin zagaye (rtt) a cikin millise seconds. Wannan yana buƙatar sirri.py file tare da Wi-Fi SSID (suna) da kalmar sirri - an kwatanta wannan daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.
KYAUMUMMUNAN

Mataki 3: Haɗa Sensors

An yi amfani da allo mai girman rabin girman don haɗa firikwensin uku da kuma saka idanu akan voltage daga batura NiMH huɗu masu caji. Hoton babban ƙuduri yana haɗa da cikakken saitin a sama kuma matakai na gaba suna bayyana yadda za'a iya haɗa kowane firikwensin.
Wuraren wutar lantarki a kan allon biredi suna da ƙarfi daga Pi Pico tare da

• VBUS (5V) da GND zuwa hanyoyin wutar lantarki a gefen hagu da
• 3V3 da GND zuwa gefen dama.

Ana yiwa layin wutar lantarki alama da layin ja na kusa don ingantaccen dogo da shuɗi don layin dogo mara kyau (ko ƙasa). A kan babban allo (rami 830) na biredi waɗannan ƙila su sami babban saitin dogo waɗanda ba a haɗa su da sasan dogo na ƙasa ba.
Ana amfani da batura kawai don kunna Omron B5W LD0101 wanda ke buƙatar tsayayyen vol.tage. Ƙarfin USB daga kwamfuta sau da yawa yana hayaniya yana sa shi rashin dacewa.

Mataki 4: Haɗa Plantower PMS5003

Plantower PMS5003 yana buƙatar ƙarfin 5V amma ƙirar sa ta "TTL style" tana da aminci 3.3V. Abubuwan haɗin kai daga
PMS5003 ta hanyar fashewar jirgi zuwa Pi Pico sune:

• VCC zuwa 5V (ja) ta hanyar layin dogo 6 zuwa 5V;
• GND zuwa GND (baki) ta jere na 5 zuwa GND;
• SET zuwa EN (blue) ta jere 1 zuwa GP2;
• RX zuwa RX (fararen fata) ta jere na 3 zuwa GP5;
• TX zuwa TX (launin toka) ta jere 4 zuwa GP4;
• Sake saitin zuwa Sake saitin (purple) ta jere na 2 zuwa GP3;
• NC (ba a haɗa);
• NC.

Takardar bayanan ya ƙunshi gargaɗi game da harka na ƙarfe.
Karfe harsashi yana haɗe da GND don haka a kula kada a bar shi ya gajarta [sic] tare da sauran sassan kewaye sai GND.
Abun yana kula da jigilar ruwa tare da flm filastik shuɗi akan harka don kare saman daga karce amma wannan bai kamata a dogara da shi don rufin lantarki ba.

Mataki 5: Haɗa Sensiion SPS30

Sensiion SPS30 yana buƙatar ƙarfin 5V amma ƙirar i2c ɗin sa yana da aminci 3.3V. Ƙarin ƙarin abubuwan kawai sune masu tsayayyar 2.2k don yin aiki azaman abubuwan jan hankali don bas ɗin i2c. Haɗin kai daga SPS30 zuwa Pi Pico sune:

• VDD (ja) zuwa 5V5V dogo;
• SDA (fararen fata) zuwa GP0 (launin toka) ta hanyar layi 11 tare da 2.2k resistor zuwa dogo 3.3V;
• SCL (purple) zuwa GP1 (m) ta hanyar layi na 10 tare da 2.2k resistor zuwa 3.3V dogo;
• SEL (kore) zuwa GND;
• GND (baƙar fata) zuwa GND.

Mai haɗin kan jagorar na iya buƙatar tsayayyen turawa don saka shi da kyau a cikin SPS30.
SPS30 kuma tana goyan bayan keɓantaccen keɓancewa wanda Sensiron ya ba da shawarar a cikin takaddar bayanai.
Ya kamata a yi wasu la'akari game da amfani da ƙirar I2C. An tsara I2C da farko don haɗa kwakwalwan kwamfuta biyu akan PCB. Lokacin da aka haɗa firikwensin zuwa babban PCB ta hanyar kebul, dole ne a biya kulawa ta musamman ga tsangwama na lantarki da kuma yin magana. Yi amfani da gajeriyar yadda zai yiwu (< 10 cm) da/ko kebul ɗin haɗin da ke da kariya sosai.
Muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙirar UART maimakon, duk lokacin da zai yiwu: yana da ƙarfi da tsangwama na lantarki, musamman tare da igiyoyi masu tsayi masu tsayi.
Akwai kuma gargadi game da sassan karfen harka.
Lura, cewa akwai haɗin lantarki na ciki tsakanin GND fil (5) da garkuwar ƙarfe. Rike wannan garkuwar ƙarfe ta hanyar oating ta hanyar lantarki don gujewa duk wani igiyoyin ruwa mara niyya ta wannan haɗin ciki. Idan wannan ba zaɓi bane, daidaitaccen yuwuwar daidaitawar waje tsakanin fil ɗin GND da duk wata damar da aka haɗa da garkuwar ya zama tilas. Duk wani halin yanzu kodayake haɗin tsakanin GND da garkuwar ƙarfe na iya lalata samfurin kuma yana haifar da haɗari ta hanyar zafi mai yawa.

Mataki 6: Haɗa Omron B5W LD0101

Ba a yi nufin kebul na Omron don amfani da allon burodi ba. Hanya ɗaya mai sauri don canza shi zuwa amfani da katako shine yanke soket, cire wayoyi kuma a sayar da su zuwa tsayin fil biyar na fil ɗin kai na maza. Za a iya amfani da shirye-shiryen bidiyo na kada (alligator) azaman madadin hanya don gujewa siyarwa.
Omron B5W LD0101 yana buƙatar tsayayyen wutar lantarki na 5V. Fitowar sa guda biyu suma suna kan matakin 5V wanda bai dace da abubuwan shigar 3.3V na Pi Pico ba. Kasancewar resistors akan allon firikwensin yana sauƙaƙa sauke wannan zuwa ƙimar aminci ta ƙara 4.7k resistor zuwa ƙasa kowace fitarwa. An rubuta resistors na kan jirgin a cikin takardar bayanan wanda ya sa wannan hanya ta dace.
Haɗin kai daga B5W LD0101 zuwa Pi Pico sune:

• Vcc (ja) zuwa 5V (ja) dogo ta layin 25;
• OUT1 (rawaya) zuwa GP10GP10 (rawaya) ta jere 24 tare da 4.7k resistor zuwa GND;
• GND (baki) zuwa GND (baki) ta jere 23;
• Vth (kore) zuwa GP26GP26 (kore) ta jere 22 tare da 0.1uF capacitor zuwa GND;
• OUT2 (orange) zuwa GP11 (orange) ta jere 21 tare da resistor 4.7k zuwa GND.

The Saukewa: GP12 (kore) daga Pi Pico yana haɗa zuwa jere 17 kuma resistor 10k yana haɗa layi na 17 zuwa jere 22.
Takardar bayanan ta bayyana buƙatun samar da wutar lantarki kamar haka:
Mafi qarancin 4.5V, na yau da kullun 5.0V, matsakaicin 5.5V, ripple voltage kewayon 30mV ko ƙasa da haka ana bada shawarar. Tabbatar cewa babu amo da ke ƙasa da 300Hz. Con
rm the halattaccen ripple voltage darajar ta amfani da ainihin inji.
Batirin alkaline uku ko hudu masu caji (NiMH) sune hanya mafi sauƙi don samar da tsayayyen vol.tage na kusa da 5V zuwa firikwensin. Fakitin wutar lantarki na USB yana iya zama zaɓi mara kyau saboda voltage yawanci daga baturin lithium ne ta amfani da mai canza buck-boost wanda ke sa shi surutu.
B5W LD0101 yana amfani da convection don kwararar iska kuma dole ne a sanya shi tsaye don yin aiki daidai. Canjin wadata voltage yana iya shafar yanayin zafin na'ura da kuma abin da ke hade da iska ow. Hakanan zafin yanayi dole ne ya yi tasiri.

Mataki na 7: Kula da Batir Tare da Mai Raba Mai yuwuwar

Baturin voltage ya zarce matakin 3.3V na abubuwan shigar da kayan aikin Pi Pico's RP2040. Mai sauƙi mai iya rarrabawa zai iya rage wannan voltage zama a cikin wannan iyaka. Wannan yana ba RP2040 damar auna matakin baturi akan shigarwar analog mai iya (GP26 zuwa GP28).
An yi amfani da resistors guda 10k a sama don rage rabin voltage. Ya zama ruwan dare ganin ana amfani da ƙima mafi girma kamar 100k don rage ɓata halin yanzu. Abubuwan haɗin gwiwa sune:

• B5W LD0101 Vcc (ja) waya mai tsalle zuwa jere 29 gefen hagu;
• 10k resistor akan layi na 29 tsakanin hagu da dama akan layi 29;
• Wayar jumper Brown zuwa Pi Pico GP27;
• 10k resistor daga gefen dama na layin 29 zuwa layin dogo na GND kusa.

GP28 akan Maker Pi Pico ana iya amfani dashi azaman shigarwar analog amma tunda shima yana da alaƙa da pixel RGB wanda zai iya yin tasiri akan ƙimar kuma yana iya haskakawa ko canzawa idan shigarwar tayi kama da ka'idar WS2812!

Mataki 8: Shigar da CircuitPython da Shirin Buga Bayanan Sensor

Idan ba ku saba da CircuitPython ba to yana da kyau karanta Barka da Jagorar CircuitPython da farko.

1. Shigar da ɗakunan karatu guda bakwai masu zuwa daga nau'in 7.x bundle daga https://circuitpython.org/libraries zuwa cikin kundin adireshin lib akan hanyar CIRCUITPY:
   1. adafruit_bus_na'urar
   2. adafruit_minimqtt
   3. adafruit_io
   4. adafruit_espatcontrol
   5. adafruit_pm25
   6. adafruit_requests.mpy
   7. neopixel.mpy
2. Zazzage waɗannan ƙarin ɗakunan karatu guda biyu zuwa kundin adireshin lib ta latsa Ajiye hanyar haɗin yanar gizo kamar… a kan files a cikin directory ko a kan file:
   1. adafruit_sps30 daga https://github.com/kevinjwalters/Adafruit_CircuitPython_SPS30
   2. b5wld0101.py daga https://github.com/kevinjwalters/CircuitPython_B5WLD0101
3. Ƙirƙiri abubuwan sirri.py file (duba example kasa) kuma cika dabi'u.
4. Zazzage shirin zuwa CIRCUITPY ta danna Ajiye hanyar haɗi kamar… akan pmsensors_adafruitio.py
5. Sake suna ko share duk wata lamba.py file akan CIRCUITPY sai a sake suna pmsensors_adafruitio.py zuwa code.py This file Ana gudana lokacin da mai fassarar CircuitPython ya fara ko sake lodawa.

# Wannan fayil ɗin shine inda kuke adana saitunan sirri, kalmomin shiga, da alamu!
# Idan kun sanya su a cikin lambar kuna haɗarin yin wannan bayanin ko raba shi
sirrin = {
"ssid" : "INSERT-WIFI-NAME-NAN",
“Password” : “SA-WIFI-PASSWORD-NAN”,
"aio_username" : "INSERT-ADAFRUIT-IO-USERNAME-HERE",
"aio_key" : "INSERT-ADAFRUIT-IO-APPLICATION-KEY-HERE"
# http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones
"timezone": "Amurka/New_York",
}
Siffofin da aka yi amfani da su don wannan aikin sune:
CircuitPython 7.0.0
CircuitPython daure adafruit-circuitpython-bundle-7.x-mpy-20211029.zip- sigar farko daga Satumba/Oktoba dole ne a yi amfani da shi azaman adafruit_espatcontrol
ɗakin karatu ya kasance mai wahala kuma rabin yana aiki cikin ruɗani.

Mataki 9: Adafruit IO Saita

Adafruit suna da jagorori da yawa akan sabis ɗin Adafruit IO, waɗanda suka fi dacewa sune:
Barka da zuwa Adafruit IO
Adafruit IO Basics: Ciyarwa
Adafruit IO Basics: Dashboards
Da zarar kun saba da ciyarwa da dashboards, bi waɗannan matakan.

1. Ƙirƙiri asusun Adafruit idan ba ku da ɗaya.
2. Yi sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna mpp-pm ƙarƙashin Ciyarwa
3. Yi ciyarwa tara a cikin wannan sabon rukunin ta danna maɓallin + Sabon Ciyarwa, sunayen sune:
   1. b5wld0101-raw-out1
   2. b5wld0101-raw-out2
   3. b5wld0101-vcc
   4. b5wld0101-vt
   5. CPU-zazzabi
   6. pms5003-pm10-misali
   7. pms5003-pm25-misali
   8. sps30-pm10-misali
   9. sps30-pm25-misali
4. Yi dashboard don waɗannan ƙimar, tubalan da aka ba da shawara sune:
   1. Tubalan Chart Layi uku, ɗaya don kowane firikwensin tare da layi biyu akan ginshiƙi.
   2. Tubalan Ma'auni guda uku don voltages da zafin jiki.
      

Mataki na 10: Tabbatar da Buga Bayanan

Shafin Monitor karkashin Pro file yana da amfani don tabbatar da cewa bayanai suna zuwa a ainihin-lokaci ta hanyar duba bayanan Live file sashe. Shirin yana juya pixel RGB blue na 2-3 seconds lokacin da ya aika da bayanan zuwa Adafruit IO sannan ya dawo zuwa kore.
Zazzabi daga RP2040 yana bayyana ya bambanta tsakanin CPUs daban-daban kuma ba shi yiwuwa ya dace da yanayin yanayi.
Idan wannan bai yi aiki ba to ga wasu abubuwan da za a bincika.

• Idan pixel RGB ya tsaya ko kuma idan Adafruit IO bai karɓi bayanai ba to duba serial console na USB don fitarwa/kurakurai. Fitowar lamba don Mu akan na'urar wasan bidiyo na serial zai nuna idan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna aiki tare da sabbin layin da ake buga kowane sakan 2-3 - duba ƙasa don tsohonampda fitarwa.
• Sashen Kurakurai Masu Rayuwa akan shafin Kulawa yana da kyau a duba idan ana aika bayanai amma ba a bayyana ba.
• Za'a iya saita madaidaicin gyara kurakurai a cikin shirin daga 0 zuwa 5 don sarrafa ƙarar bayanin kuskure. Matakan mafi girma suna hana bugu na tuple na Mu.
• Shirin mafi sauƙi.py hanya ce mai amfani don tabbatar da haɗin Wi-Fi yana aiki kuma haɗin kai zuwa Intanet yana aiki don zirga-zirgar ICMP.
• Tabbatar cewa kuna amfani da sabon sigar ɗakin karatu na adafruit_espatcontrol.
• LEDs masu shuɗi na Maker Pi Pico akan kowane GPIO suna da amfani sosai don samun gani nan takeview na jihar GPIO. Duk GPIO da aka haɗa za su kasance banda:
  • GP26 zai kasance a kashe saboda santsin voltage (kusan 500mV) yayi ƙasa da ƙasa;
  • GP12 zai yi duhu saboda siginar PWM ce ~ 15% na sake zagayowar aiki;
  • GP5 zai kasance amma zai yi flicker yayin da ake aika bayanai daga PMS5003;
  • GP10 zai zama kashewa amma za su yi kyalkyali yayin da B5W LD0101 ke gano ƙananan barbashi;
  • GP11 zai kasance a kashe amma zai yi sauri sosai lokaci-lokaci sai dai idan kuna cikin wani wuri na musamman mai hayaƙi.

Fitowar da aka yi nufin mai yin makirci a cikin Mu zai yi kama da wani abu kamar haka a cikin daki:
(5,8,4.59262,4.87098,3.85349,0.0)
(6,8,4.94409,5.24264,1.86861,0.0)
(6,9,5.1649,5.47553,1.74829,0.0)
(5,9,5.26246,5.57675,3.05601,0.0)
(6,9,5.29442,5.60881,0.940312,0.0)
(6,11,5.37061,5.68804,1.0508,0.0)
Ko daki mai tsaftataccen iska:
(0,1,1.00923,1.06722,0.0,0.0)
(1,2,0.968609,1.02427,0.726928,0.0)
(1,2,0.965873,1.02137,1.17203,0.0)
(0,1,0.943569,0.997789,1.47817,0.0)
(0,1,0.929474,0.982884,0.0,0.0)
(0,1,0.939308,0.993282,0.0,0.0)
Ma'auni shida akan kowane layi a jere sune:

1. PMS5003 PM1.0 da PM2.5 (ƙimar lamba);
2. SPS30 PM1.0 da kuma PM2.5;
3. B5W LD0101 raw OUT1 da OUT2 ƙidaya.
   

Mataki 11: Gwada firikwensin Ciki Tare da Mu da Adafruit IO

Bidiyon da ke sama yana nuna na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna maida martani ga ashana da aka buga don kunna turaren wuta. Madaidaitan PM2.5 daga PMS5003 da SPS30 sune 51 da 21.5605, bi da bi. B5W LD0101 ya gano na'urorin gani na gani kuma an yi sa'a yana shafar hasken tungsten halogen da aka yi amfani da shi don wannan bidiyon. Akwai haɓakar matakin barbashi a cikin iska daga gwajin gwajin da ya gabata.
Ka tuna cire haɗin fakitin baturi lokacin da ba a amfani da shi in ba haka ba na'urar B5W LD0101 zai zubar da batura.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lg5e6KOiMnA

Mataki na 12: Bada Matsala A Waje akan Daren Guy Fawkes

Guy Fawkes Night yana da alaƙa da wuta da wasan wuta wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen haɓaka gurɓataccen iska na maraice ɗaya ko biyu. Jadawalin da ke sama suna nuna na'urori masu auna firikwensin uku da aka sanya su a waje bayan karfe 7 na yamma ranar Juma'a 5 ga Nuwamba 2021. Babu wasan wuta a kusa da nan amma ana iya jin su daga nesa. Lura: Ma'aunin tashi ya bambanta tsakanin sigogin uku.
Bayanan ciyarwa da aka adana a Adafruit IO yana nuna na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke gano iskar sun riga sun sami ɗan ɗaga matakin PM2.5 dangane da lambobin SPS30:
2021/11/05 7:08:24PM 13.0941
2021/11/05 7:07:56PM 13.5417
2021/11/05 7:07:28PM 3.28779
2021/11/05 7:06:40PM 1.85779
Kololuwar ta kasance a kusa da 46ug a kowace mita cubic kafin 11 na dare:
2021/11/05 10:55:49PM 46.1837
2021/11/05 10:55:21PM 45.8853
2021/11/05 10:54:53PM 46.0842
2021/11/05 10:54:26PM 44.8476
Akwai gajerun spikes a wani wuri a cikin bayanan lokacin da firikwensin ke waje. Wadannan na iya zama saboda wafts daga:

• shaye daga gas Central dumama,
• mutane suna shan taba kusa da/ko
• wari/ hayaki daga girki.

Bincika yanayin kafin saka na'urorin lantarki da aka fallasa a waje!

Mataki na 13: Ƙarfafa Al'amura a Ciki Tare da Dafa

Jadawalin da ke sama suna nuna yadda na'urori masu auna firikwensin ke mayar da martani ga naman alade da namomin kaza da ake soya su a cikin wani wurin dafa abinci kusa da hakar matsakaici. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun kasance kusan 5m (16ft) daga hob. Lura: Ma'aunin y ya bambanta tsakanin sigogi uku.
Bayanan ciyarwa da aka adana a Adafruit IO yana nuna na'urori masu auna firikwensin tare da taƙaitaccen matakin PM2.5 na kusan 93ug kowace mita cubic dangane da lambobin SPS30:
2021/11/07 8:33:52PM 79.6601
2021/11/07 8:33:24PM 87.386
2021/11/07 8:32:58PM 93.3676
2021/11/07 8:32:31PM 86.294
Abubuwan gurɓatawa za su bambanta sosai da waɗanda aka sake yin aikin. Wannan tsohon mai ban sha'awa neampdaga cikin bambance-bambancen tushen abubuwan barbashi a cikin iskar da muke shaka.

Mataki na 14: Na'urorin Haɓakawa Na Jama'a

Bayanan da aka zana a sama daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin jama'a na kusa.

• Numfashi London
  • Clarity Movement Node-S
    • tbps
    • oss
    • rl
• BudeAQ
  • PurpleAir PA-II
    • sr
• London Air Quality Network
  • Ingantattun Magana (Haɗu da BAM 1020 da sauransu)
    • FS
    • AS
    • TBR

Tbps da na'urori masu auna firikwensin TBR kusan suna tare kuma an jera su tare don nuna alaƙa tsakanin na'urar tushen SPS30 da abin da ke kusa. SPS30 yana bayyana ba a karanta ba a hankali a maraice na 5th da 6th na Nuwamba lokacin da ya dace a ɗauka cewa haɓakar maraice ya kasance saboda sake yin aiki. Wannan na iya zama saboda bambance-bambance a cikin yawan adadin barbashi kamar yadda na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka yi amfani da su don wannan labarin suna iya gano ƙarar kawai kuma suna buƙatar yin la'akari da yawa na barbashi don samar da ƙima a cikin micrograms a kowace mita cubic.
PMS5003 a cikin PurpleAir PA-II yana bayyana yana karantawa sosai ga kowane matakan PM2.5 da aka ɗaukaka dangane da wannan ɗan gajeren lokaci. Wannan zai iya dacewa da sakamakon da aka nuna akan shafukan da suka gabata ko kuma akwai wasu abubuwan da ke kusa da ke haifar da hakan.
SPS30 da PMS5003 suna samar da bayanai don ɓangarorin da suka fi girma microns 2.5 amma shafuka masu zuwa suna nuna dalilin da yasa ya kamata a kula da wannan tare da taka tsantsan.

Mataki 15: Kwatanta na'urori masu auna firikwensin - Girman Barbashi

Hotunan da ke sama sun fito ne daga Ƙimar dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zaɓin ɓangarorin ɓangarorin na'urorin firikwensin ƙananan farashi na Cibiyar Yanayi ta Finnish. An gwada na'urori masu auna firikwensin kowane nau'i tare da girman barbashi daban-daban da aka nuna akan axis logarithmic x. Layukan masu launi suna nuna ƙimar ƙididdige ƙididdiga na ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga masu girman barbashi dangane da firikwensin firikwensin, bandeji yana nuna rarraba. Ƙimar SPS30 guda uku da ke sama da micron 1 sun mamaye sosai yana sa su da wuya a bambanta.
Ma'auni na gama gari don ɓarna shine PM2.5 da PM10. Yayin da lamba a cikin sunan tana nufin matsakaicin girman barbashi raka'o'in suna cikin micrograms a kowace mita cubic. Na'urori masu arha marasa tsada suna iya auna diamita na barbashi (ƙarar) kawai kuma dole su yi wasu zato game da yawa don ƙididdige ƙimar PM2.5 da PM10.
PMS5003 yana amfani da ƙima mai yawa akai-akai, Sensiron ya bayyana tsarin ƙimar su don SPS30 kamar:
Yawancin firikwensin PM masu rahusa a kasuwa suna ɗaukan yawan adadin yawan ƙididdigewa a daidaitawa kuma suna ƙididdige yawan taro ta hanyar ninka ƙididdige abubuwan da aka gano ta wannan yawan adadin. Wannan zato yana aiki ne kawai idan firikwensin ya auna nau'in barbashi guda ɗaya (misali, hayaƙin taba), amma a zahiri muna da nau'ikan barbashi daban-daban tare da kaddarorin gani daban-daban a rayuwar yau da kullun, daga ƙurar gidan 'nauyi' zuwa 'haske' barbashi konewa. . Algorithms na mallakar Sensiron suna amfani da ingantaccen tsarin da zai ba da damar ƙididdige ƙimar taro mai kyau, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in barbashi da aka auna ba. Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan hanya yana ba da damar kimanta daidaitattun ƙididdiga masu girma.
Ma'aunin PM ya ƙunshi duk barbashi da ke ƙasa da ma'aunin girman, watau
PM1 + taro na duk barbashi tsakanin 1.0 da 2.5 microns = PM2.5,
PM2.5 + taro na duk barbashi tsakanin 2.5 da 10 microns = PM10.
PMS5003 da SPS30 sun kasa gano barbashi a cikin wannan gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje sama da microns 2-3. Yana yiwuwa su gano wasu nau'ikan barbashi sama da wannan girman.
B5W LD0101 yayi kama da sahihanci daga wannan gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje don auna PM10.

Mataki 16: Kwatanta na'urori masu auna firikwensin - Zane

Ana iya ganin hitar Omron (mai tsayayyar 100 ohm +/- 2%!) Idan firikwensin ya juya sama-sama. An tattauna zane dalla-dalla a cikin Omron: Haɓaka firikwensin ingancin iska don puriffer iska. Yin amfani da convection yana da ɗanɗano amma yana iya zama mafi girman ingantaccen bayani idan aka kwatanta da na'urar injiniya kamar fan wanda ke da tsawon rayuwa da rayuwa wanda za'a iya rage shi ta hanyar aiki a cikin yanayi mai ƙura. Mai son SPS30 ya bayyana an ƙera shi don a iya musanya shi cikin sauƙi ba tare da buɗe karar ba. Sauran samfuran Plantower suna da fasalin ƙira iri ɗaya.
Duk na'urori uku na firikwensin za su kasance masu saurin kamuwa da tasirin matsanancin zafi na dangi wanda rashin alheri yana ƙara ƙimar PM cikin kuskure.
Takaddun shaida, na'urori masu auna ingancin tunani (jerin DEFRA na Burtaniya) waɗanda ke sa ido kan abubuwan da ba su da amfani ba sa amfani da hanyar gani don aunawa. Met One BAM 1020 yana aiki ta

1. warewa da watsar da barbashi mafi girma fiye da girman iyaka daga iska sample,
2. dumama iska don sarrafawa/rage yawan zafi,
3. ajiye barbashi a kan sabon sashe na ci gaba da brous tef da
4. sa'an nan auna attenuation na beta radiation tushen da tara barbashi a kan tef don lissafta mai kyau kimanta na jimlar taro na barbashi.

Wata dabara ta gama gari ita ce Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) wacce ke ajiye ɓangarorin a kan madaurin da za a iya maye gurbinsu akan ƙarshen bututun da aka ɗora wanda aka xed a ɗayan ƙarshen. Daidaitaccen ma'auni na mitar oscillation na bututu mai jujjuyawa ta dabi'a yana ba da damar ƙarin ƙaramin adadin ɓangarorin da za'a ƙididdige su daga ƙaramar bambancin mitar. Wannan hanya ta dace don ƙirƙirar ƙimar ƙimar PM mafi girma.

Mataki na 17: Ci gaba

Da zarar kun saita firikwensin ku kuma kuna buga bayanai zuwa Adafruit IO, ga wasu ra'ayoyin don bincika:

• Gwada kowane ɗaki a cikin gidanku akan lokaci lura da aiki da samun iska. Gwada gidanku lokacin da kuke dafa abinci. Gwada barbecue.
• Yi amfani da maɓallan uku akan Maker Pi Pico. An haɗa waɗannan zuwa GP20, GP21 da GP22 waɗanda aka bar su da gangan ba tare da amfani da su ba don ba da izinin amfani da maɓalli.
• Idan kana zaune kusa da tashar sa ido kan ingancin iska na jama'a kwatanta bayananka da shi.
• Ƙara nuni don amfani da halarta yana nuna ƙimar firikwensin. SSD1306 karami ne, mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin ƙarawa/amfani a cikin CircuitPython. Dubi Sharuɗɗa: Sanin Danshi na Ƙasa
• Tare da Maker Pi Pico don tsohonampda amfaninsa.
• Bincika ɗakin karatu na MQTT don ganin ko za a iya aika duk bayanan firikwensin cikin tsari ɗaya. Wannan yakamata ya zama mafi inganci.
• Haɗa ta wata hanya tare da IKEA Vindriktning Sensor ingancin iska.
  • Haɗin MQTT na Soren Beye na Ikea VINDRIKTNING yana nuna yadda ake ƙara ESP8266 zuwa firikwensin kuma yana gano firikwensin ƙwayar cuta (ƙura) azaman "Cubic PM1006-like".
  • Babban aikin zai kasance maye gurbin babban PCB tare da kwamiti mai tushe na ESP32-S2 tare da ƙarin na'urori masu auna muhalli na dijital don ƙirƙirar na'ura mai kunna Wi-Fi, na'urar tushen CircuitPython.
  • Ana tattauna wannan na'urar akan Dandalin Mataimakin Gida: IKEA Vindriktning Sensor Ingantacciyar iska.
  • LaskaKit yana samar da PCB na tushen ESP32 mai maye don firikwensin don ba da damar yin amfani da shi cikin sauƙi tare da ESPhome.
• Yi nazarin tasirin bambance-bambancen wadata voltage a cikin kewayon da aka halatta don na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Wannan na iya canza saurin fan ko zafin zafin na'urar da ke shafar sakamako.
• Gina shingen tabbacin yanayi da namun daji tare da tsararren ƙira don shigar da iska, fitarwa da iskar da ke wucewa ta firikwensin. An yi amfani da laima da aka naɗe da layin dogo don kare buɗewa, fallasa kayan lantarki don tattara bayanai a ƙarshen mako don wannan labarin.

Ayyuka masu dangantaka:

• Costas Vav: Sensor ingancin iska mai ɗaukar nauyi
• Pimoroni: Tashar ingancin iska ta waje tare da Enviro+ da Luftdaten
• Umarni: Amfani da Pimoroni Enviro + FeatherWing Tare da Adafruit Feather NRF52840 Express - da
• Enviro+ FeatherWing ya haɗa da mai haɗawa don PMS5003. Ana iya amfani da SPS30 tare da i2c fil kuma akwai kusan isassun fil don amfani da B5W LD0101 kuma.
• NRF52840 baya goyan bayan Wi-Fi don haka ba za a iya amfani da wannan da kansa ba don buga bayanai akan Intanet.
• Adafruit Koyi: Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa 3D da aka Buga . - yana amfani da Adafruit Feather M4 tare da tushen ESP32 Airlift FeatherWing da PMS5003.
• Adafruit Koyi: Quickstart IoT - Rasberi Pi Pico RP2040 tare da WiFi - yana amfani da allon fashewa na Adafruit AirLift na tushen ESP32.
• GitHub: CytronTechnologies/MAKER-PI-PICO Example Code/CircuitPython/IoT – misaliampLe code don Adafruit IO, Blynk da Thinkspeak.
• Cytron: Kulawar iska ta Amfani da Wayar Hannu - yana amfani da garkuwar Arduino na tushen ESP8266 don aika bayanai daga
• Honeywell HPM32322550 firikwensin kwayoyin halitta zuwa Blynk, babu (smart) waya da ake buƙata.

Matsakaicin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, mafi tsada amma tare da ingantacciyar ikon gano girman ɓangarorin:

• Piera Systems IPS-7100
• Alphasense OPC-N3 da OPC-R2

Kara karantawa:

• Sensors
  • Cibiyar nazarin yanayi ta Finnish: Ƙimar dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zaɓin girman ɓangarorin na'urorin firikwensin ƙananan farashi (Mayu 2020)
  • Gough Lui: Review, Teardown: Plantower PMS5003 Laser Particulate Monitor Sensor ya haɗa da kwatanta da Sensirion SPS30.
  • Karl Koerner: Yadda ake Buɗewa da Tsaftace na'urar Sensor iska ta PMS 5003
  • Met One Instruments Inc., BAM-1020 EPA TSA Bidiyo Horo (YouTube) - yana nuna abin da ke ciki da yadda yake aiki.
  • CITRIS Bincike Musanya: Sean Wihera (Clarity Movement) magana (YouTube) - magana gami da cikakkun bayanai akan firikwensin Node-S wanda ke amfani da Sensirion SPS30.
• Dokoki da Ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da ingancin iska
  • Dokokin ingancin iska 2010 (Birtaniya)
  • Ka'idojin Gurbacewar iska na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).
  • Gidauniyar Lung ta Burtaniya - Ingantacciyar iska (PM2.5 da NO2)
• Bincike
  • Kwalejin Imperial ta London: Ci gaba da gurɓacewar iska ta cikin gida da waje (YouTube)
  • Yaran makarantar firamare suna tattara bayanan ingancin iska ta amfani da jakunkuna a London a cikin 2019:
    • Dyson: Bibiyar gurɓatawa akan guduwar makaranta. Numfashi London (YouTube)
    • King's College London: Rukunin Binciken Muhalli: Nazarin Wearables na Breathe London
  • Mujallar yanayi: Gurbacewar iska ta cikin gida daga tandayen gida: Yin nazarin ambaliya na musamman a cikin gidaje yayin Amfani da Duniya na Gaskiya
• Labarai da Blogs
  • Masanin Tattalin Arziki: Tsakar dare - dumama gida na Poland yana haifar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi (Janairu 2021)
  • US NPR: Matsuguni a ciki na iya ba da kariya daga hatsarori na sake shan taba?
  • Reuters: Jam'iyyar ta ƙare: Diwali ya bar Delhi yana kururuwa cikin iska mara lafiya mai haɗari
  • Bulogin Pimoroni: Daren Mafi ƙazanta na Shekara (a Burtaniya)
  • Motsin Tsara: Hayajin WUTA, Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, da Adalci na Muhalli: Mafi kyau
  • Yin Hukunci tare da Kula da Jirgin Sama (YouTube) - gabatarwa da tattaunawa kan ingancin iska na yammacin Amurka musamman a kusa da hayakin WUta na 2020.
  • Mai gadi: iska mai datti tana shafar kashi 97% na gidajen Burtaniya, bayanai sun nuna
• Ƙaddamar da Kulawa da adana bayanai
  • Netherlands Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Muhalli ta ƙasa): Gwajin Vuurwerk (Gwajin Wuta) 2018-2019
  • Google: Titin titi: Yadda muke taswirar ingancin iska a Turai - titi view motoci suna tattara abubuwan da ba su dace ba da kuma gurbataccen bayanan iskar gas.London Air Quality Network
  • Breathe London - cibiyar sadarwa don haɓaka Cibiyar Sadarwar Ingancin Air na London tare da "mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin shigarwa da kula da na'urori masu auna iska ga kowa", a halin yanzu tana amfani da Clarity Movement Node-S.
  • Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da ke birnin Beijing na sa ido kan abubuwan da ke faruwa (Twitter)
  • Indexididdigar ingancin iska ta Duniya - tana tattara bayanai daga maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban tare da taswira views da bayanan tarihi.
  • Sensor.Community (wanda aka fi sani da Luftdaten) - "samar da duniya wuri mafi kyau ta hanyar jagorancin al'umma, bude bayanan muhalli".
• Dakunan karatu na Software
  • Bugs Software a cikin Babban Laburaren Sensor Sensor - adafruit_pm25 yana fama da aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin batutuwan da aka siffanta waɗanda ke buƙatar keɓance kulawa a kusa da karanta() don serial (UART).
• Darussa
  • HarvardX: Ƙaƙƙarfan gurɓataccen iska (YouTube) - bidiyo na minti biyar daga gajeren hanya EdX: Makamashi Tsakanin Muhalli

Gano mahimmancin aminci da ƙararrawa sun fi dacewa ga kayan aikin kasuwanci daga mashahuran masu kaya.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5R8osNXGyo
Buga Bayanan Sensor Matter zuwa Adafruit IO Tare da Maker Pi Pico da ESP-01S:

Takardu / Albarkatu

ESP-01S Buga Ƙarfafa Matter Sensor [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani ESP-01S Buga Matter Sensor, ESP-01S.

Magana

• Manual mai amfani