MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming

Bayanin samfur

Flash Programming
Iyalan dsPIC33/PIC24 na na'urori suna da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash na ciki don aiwatar da lambar mai amfani. Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don tsara wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya:

• Aiki Umarnin Tebur
• Shirye-shiryen Serial In-Circuit (ICSP)
• Shirye-shiryen Cikin Aikace-aikacen (IAP)

Umurnin tebur suna ba da hanyar canja wurin bayanai tsakanin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash da sararin ajiyar bayanai na na'urorin dsPIC33/PIC24. Ana amfani da umarnin TBLRDL don karantawa daga rago[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin. Ana amfani da umarnin TBLWTL don rubutawa zuwa rago[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash. TBLRDL da TBLWTL na iya samun dama ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash a yanayin Kalma ko Yanayin Byte.

Baya ga adreshin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash, umarnin tebur kuma yana ƙayyadad da rajista na W (ko W Register Pointer zuwa wurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya), wato tushen bayanan ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash ɗin da za a rubuta, ko kuma inda shirin Flash yake. memory karanta.

Wannan sashe yana bayyana dabara don tsara ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. Iyalan dsPIC33/PIC24 na na'urori suna da ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash na ciki don aiwatar da lambar mai amfani. Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don tsara wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya:

• Shirye-shiryen Kai-Time-Time (RTSP)
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)
• In-Circuit Serial Programming (EICSP)

Ana yin RTSP ta software na aikace-aikacen yayin aiwatarwa, yayin da ICSP da EICSP ana yin su daga na'urar tsarawa ta waje ta amfani da haɗin bayanan serial zuwa na'urar. ICSP da EICSP suna ba da damar lokacin shirye-shirye da sauri fiye da RTSP. An kwatanta dabarun RTSP a cikin Sashe na 4.0 "Shirye-shiryen Kai Tsaye (RTSP)" An ayyana ka'idojin ICSP da EICSP a cikin takaddun ƙayyadaddun shirye-shirye don na'urori daban-daban, waɗanda za'a iya saukewa daga Microchip. webshafin (http://www.microchip.com). Lokacin yin shirye-shirye a cikin yaren C, akwai ayyuka da yawa da aka gina a ciki waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe shirye-shiryen Flash. Duba “MPLAB® XC16 C Jagorar Mai Amfani” (DS50002071) don cikakkun bayanai game da ayyukan ginanniyar.

Umarnin Amfani da samfur

Don tsara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash, bi waɗannan matakan:

1. Koma zuwa takardar bayanan na'urar don bincika ko sashin littafin jagorar dangi yana goyan bayan na'urar da kuke amfani da ita.
2. Zazzage takaddar bayanan na'urar da sassan jagorar dangi daga Microchip a Duniya Websaiti a: http://www.microchip.com.
3. Zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin uku don tsara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (Table Instruction Operation, In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP), In-Application Programming (IAP)).
4. Idan ana amfani da Ayyukan Umurnin Tebu, yi amfani da umarnin TBLRDL don karantawa daga ragowa[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirye-shirye da kuma umarnin TBLWTL don rubuta zuwa rago[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash.
5. Tabbatar da saka W rajista (ko W mai nuni zuwa wurin žwažwalwar ajiya) azaman tushen bayanan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash da za'a rubuta, ko wurin da ake karanta ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash.

Don ƙarin bayani da cikakkun bayanai kan tsara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash, koma zuwa dsPIC33/PIC24 Littafin Maganar Iyali.

AIKI NA UMURNI

Umarnin tebur yana ba da hanyar canja wurin bayanai tsakanin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash da sararin ajiyar bayanai na na'urorin dsPIC33/PIC24. Wannan sashe yana ba da taƙaitaccen umarnin tebur da aka yi amfani da su yayin shirye-shiryen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash. Akwai umarnin tebur na asali guda huɗu:

• TBLRDL: Tebur Karanta Ƙananan
• TBLRDH: Tebur Karatu High
• TBLWTL: Tebur Rubuta Ƙananan
• TBLWTH: Tebur Rubuta High

Ana amfani da umarnin TBLRDL don karantawa daga rago[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin. Ana amfani da umarnin TBLWTL don rubutawa zuwa rago[15:0] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash. TBLRDL da TBLWTL na iya samun dama ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash a yanayin Kalma ko Yanayin Byte.

Ana amfani da umarnin TBLRDH da TBLWTH don karantawa ko rubutawa zuwa bits[23:16] na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin. TBLRDH da TBLWTH na iya samun damar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash a cikin yanayin Kalma ko Byte. Saboda memorin shirin Flash ɗin yana da faɗin 24 kawai, umarnin TBLRDH da TBLWTH na iya magance babban byte na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash wanda babu shi. Ana kiran wannan byte "fatalwa byte". Duk wani karatun byte na fatalwa zai dawo 0x00. Rubutun zuwa byte na fatalwa ba shi da wani tasiri. Ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash 24-bit za a iya ɗaukar shi azaman wurare 16-bit gefe-da-gefe, tare da kowane sarari yana raba kewayon adireshin iri ɗaya. Don haka, umarnin TBLRDL da TBLWTL suna samun dama ga sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin “ƙananan” (PM[15:0]). Umurnin TBLRDH da TBLWTH suna samun dama ga sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin "high" (PM[31:16]). Duk wanda ya karanta ko ya rubuta zuwa ga PM[31:24] zai sami damar shiga baiti (wanda ba a aiwatar da shi ba). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kowane umarni na tebur a yanayin Byte, za a yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarami (LSb) na adireshin tebur azaman bit ɗin zaɓin byte. LSb yana ƙayyade wane byte a cikin babban ko ƙaramar sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin da ake isa ga.

Hoto na 2-1 yana kwatanta yadda ake magance ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash ta amfani da umarnin tebur. Adireshin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin 24-bit an ƙirƙira shi ta amfani da bits[7:0] na rajistar TBLPAG da Adireshin Ingantacce (EA) daga rijistar W da aka kayyade a cikin umarnin tebur. 24-bit Program Counter (PC) an kwatanta shi a hoto 2-1 don tunani. Ana amfani da manyan rago 23 na EA don zaɓar wurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash.

Don umarnin tebur na yanayin Byte, ana amfani da LSb na W rajista EA don zaɓar wanne byte na kalmar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Flash 16-bit ke magana; '1' yana zaɓar ragowa[15:8] kuma '0' yana zaɓar ragowa[7:0]. An yi watsi da LSb na W rajista EA don koyarwar tebur a yanayin Kalma. Baya ga adreshin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash, umarnin tebur kuma yana ƙayyadad da rajista na W (ko W Register Pointer zuwa wurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya), wato tushen bayanan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Flash ɗin da za a rubuta, ko kuma inda shirin Flash yake. memory karanta. Don aikin rubutu a yanayin Byte, ana yin watsi da ragowa[15:8] na tushen rijistar Aiki.

Amfani da Jagoran Karanta Tebura
Karatun tebur yana buƙatar matakai biyu:

1. An saita Alamar Adireshin ta amfani da rajistar TBLPAG da ɗaya daga cikin rijistar W.
2. Ana iya karanta abun ciki na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash a wurin adireshin.

 

1. KARANTA KALMOMI
   Lambar da aka nuna a Example 2-1 da Example 2-2 yana nuna yadda ake karanta kalma na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash ta amfani da umarnin tebur a yanayin Kalma.
2. KARANTA BYTE MODE
   Lambar da aka nuna a Example 2-3 yana nuna ma'aikacin bayan haɓakawa akan karanta ƙaramin byte, wanda ke sa adireshin da ke cikin rajistar Aiki ya ƙaru da ɗaya. Wannan yana saita EA[0] zuwa '1' don samun damar zuwa tsakiyar byte a cikin umarni na rubutu na uku. Ƙarshe na ƙarshe yana saita W0 zuwa madaidaicin adireshi, yana nuna wurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash na gaba.
3. RUBUTU RUBUTU
   Rubutun tebur kar a rubuta kai tsaye zuwa žwažwalwar ajiyar shirye-shirye marasa canzawa. Madadin haka, tebur yana rubuta umarni don ɗaukar latches waɗanda ke adana bayanan rubuta. Dole ne a loda rajistar adireshin NVM tare da adireshin farko inda ya kamata a rubuta bayanan da aka kulle. Lokacin da aka ɗora duk maƙallan rubutu, ainihin aikin shirye-shiryen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya yana farawa ta hanyar aiwatar da jerin umarni na musamman. A lokacin shirye-shirye, hardware yana canja wurin bayanai a cikin latches rubuta zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar Flash. Rubutun latches koyaushe suna farawa a adireshi 0xFA0000, kuma suna tsawaita ta 0xFA0002 don shirye-shiryen kalma, ko ta 0xFA00FE don na'urori waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen jere.

Lura: Yawan latches rubuta ya bambanta ta na'ura. Koma zuwa babin "Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don adadin da aka samu a rubuce.

MULKI RIJISTA

Ana amfani da Rajista na Musamman na Musamman (SFRs) don tsara shirin share ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash da rubuta ayyuka: NVMCON, NVMKEY, da rijistar Adireshin NVM, NVMADR da NVMADRU.

NVMCON Register
Rijistar NVMCON ita ce rijistar sarrafawa ta farko don Flash da shirye-shiryen / goge ayyukan. Wannan rajistan yana zaɓar ko za a yi aikin gogewa ko aikin shirin kuma zai iya fara shirin ko goge sake zagayowar. Ana nuna rijistar NVMCON a Rajista 3-1. Ƙananan byte na NVMCON yana daidaita nau'in aikin NVM da za a yi.

NVMKEY Rajista
Rijistar NVMKEY (duba Rajista 3-4) rajista ce kawai ta rubutawa don hana rubutaccen kuskure na NVMCON wanda zai iya lalata ƙwaƙwalwar Flash. Da zarar an buɗe, rubuta wa NVMCON ana ba da izinin sake zagayowar koyarwa guda ɗaya wanda za'a iya saita WR bit don kiran gogewa ko tsarin yau da kullun. Dangane da buƙatun lokaci, ana buƙatar kashe katsewa.
Yi matakai masu zuwa don fara gogewa ko jerin shirye-shirye:

1. Kashe katsewa.
2. Rubuta 0x55 zuwa NVMKEY.
3. Rubuta 0xAA zuwa NVMKEY.
4. Fara sake zagayowar rubuta shirye-shirye ta hanyar saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
5. Yi umarnin NOP guda biyu.
6. Maida katsewa.

KASHE KASHE-KASHE
Ana buƙatar kashe katsewa don duk ayyukan Flash don tabbatar da sakamako mai nasara. Idan katsewa ya faru yayin jerin buše NVMKEY, zai iya toshe rubutun zuwa bit WR. Dole ne a aiwatar da jerin buɗaɗɗen NVMKEY ba tare da katsewa ba, kamar yadda aka tattauna a Sashe na 3.2 “NVMKEY Register”.

Ana iya kashe tsangwama a ɗayan hanyoyi guda biyu, ta hanyar kashe Ƙarshen Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa ta Duniya (GIE bit), ko ta amfani da umarnin DISI. Ba a ba da shawarar umarnin DISI tunda kawai yana hana katsewar fifiko na 6 ko ƙasa; don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da hanyar Enable ta Duniya.

CPU ya rubuta wa GIE ɗaukar zagayowar umarni guda biyu kafin ya shafi kwararar lambar. Ana buƙatar umarnin NOP guda biyu bayan haka, ko ana iya maye gurbinsu da kowane umarnin aiki mai amfani, kamar ɗora NVMKEY; wannan ya shafi duka saiti da share ayyuka. Ya kamata a kula yayin sake kunna katsewa ta yadda NVM da aka yi niyya na yau da kullun ba za su ba da damar katsewa ba lokacin da aikin da ake kira da ya gabata ya kashe su saboda wasu dalilai. Don magance wannan a cikin Majalisa, ana iya amfani da turawa tari da pop don riƙe yanayin GIE bit. A cikin C, ana iya amfani da mai canzawa a cikin RAM don adana INTCON2 kafin share GIE. Yi amfani da jeri mai zuwa don kashe katsewa:

1. Matsa INTCON2 akan tari.
2. Share GIE bit.
3. NOPs biyu ko rubuta zuwa NVMKEY.
4. Fara sake zagayowar shirye-shirye ta hanyar saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
5. Mayar da GIE jihar ta POP na INTCON2.

NVM Adireshin Rajista
Adireshin NVM guda biyu, NVMADRU da NVMADR, lokacin da aka haɗa su, suna samar da 24-bit EA na jere ko kalmar da aka zaɓa don ayyukan shirye-shirye. Ana amfani da rijistar NVMADRU don riƙe manyan ragi takwas na EA, kuma ana amfani da rijistar NVMADR don riƙe ƙananan 16 rago na EA. Wasu na'urori na iya komawa zuwa waɗannan rijistar kamar NVMADRL da NVMADRH. Rijistar adireshin NVM ya kamata koyaushe ya nuna iyakar koyarwa sau biyu yayin aiwatar da ayyukan shirye-shiryen kalma biyu na koyarwa, iyakar layi lokacin yin aikin shirye-shiryen layi ko iyakokin shafi yayin aiwatar da aikin goge shafi.

Yi rijista 3-1: NVMCON: Rajistar Kula da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Flash

Lura

1. Za'a iya sake saita wannan bit ɗin (watau share) akan Sake saitin Wuta (POR).
2. Lokacin fita yanayin rashin aiki, akwai jinkirin haɓaka wutar lantarki (TVREG) kafin ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash ta fara aiki. Koma zuwa babin "Halayen Wutar Lantarki" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don ƙarin bayani.
3. Duk sauran haɗe-haɗe na NVMOP[3:0] ba a aiwatar da su.
4. Babu wannan aikin akan duk na'urori. Koma zuwa babin "Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash" a cikin takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don ayyukan da ake da su.
5. Shiga cikin yanayin ceton wutar lantarki bayan aiwatar da umarnin PWRSAV ya dogara ne akan kammala duk ayyukan NVM masu jiran gado.
6. Wannan bit yana samuwa ne kawai akan na'urorin da ke goyan bayan shirye-shiryen jeri na RAM. Koma zuwa takamaiman takaddun bayanai na na'urar don samuwa.

Lura

1. Za'a iya sake saita wannan bit ɗin (watau share) akan Sake saitin Wuta (POR).
2. Lokacin fita yanayin rashin aiki, akwai jinkirin haɓaka wutar lantarki (TVREG) kafin ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash ta fara aiki. Koma zuwa babin "Halayen Wutar Lantarki" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don ƙarin bayani.
3. Duk sauran haɗe-haɗe na NVMOP[3:0] ba a aiwatar da su.
4. Babu wannan aikin akan duk na'urori. Koma zuwa babin "Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash" a cikin takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don ayyukan da ake da su.
5. Shiga cikin yanayin ceton wutar lantarki bayan aiwatar da umarnin PWRSAV ya dogara ne akan kammala duk ayyukan NVM masu jiran gado.
6. Wannan bit yana samuwa ne kawai akan na'urorin da ke goyan bayan shirye-shiryen jeri na RAM. Koma zuwa takamaiman takaddun bayanai na na'urar don samuwa.

Yi rijista 3-2: NVMADRU: Rijistar Babban Adreshin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa

Yi rijista 3-3: NVMADR: Rijistar Adireshin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa

Yi rijista 3-4: NVMKEY: Rijista Maɓallin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa

GUDU-TIME SHIRYE-KAI (RTSP)

RTSP yana ba da damar aikace-aikacen mai amfani don canza abun ciki na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. An cika RTSP ta amfani da TBLRD (Table Read) da umarnin TBLWT (Table Write), rajistar TBLPAG, da rijistar Kula da NVM. Tare da RTSP, aikace-aikacen mai amfani na iya goge shafi ɗaya na ƙwaƙwalwar Flash da tsara ko dai kalmomin koyarwa biyu ko har zuwa kalmomin koyarwa 128 akan wasu na'urori.

Aikin RTSP
dsPIC33/PIC24 Flash shirin array ɗin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya an tsara shi cikin shafukan shafewa waɗanda zasu iya ƙunsar har zuwa umarni 1024. Zaɓin shirye-shiryen kalma biyu yana samuwa a duk na'urori a cikin iyalai dsPIC33/PIC24. Bugu da ƙari, wasu na'urori suna da damar shirye-shiryen layi, wanda ke ba da damar tsara har zuwa kalmomi 128 na koyarwa a lokaci guda. Shirye-shiryen da shafe ayyukan koyaushe suna faruwa akan kalma mai shirye-shirye guda biyu, jere ko iyakokin shafi. Koma zuwa babin “Memory Programme Flash” na takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don samuwa da girman layin shirye-shirye, da girman shafin don gogewa. Ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash tana aiwatar da maɓalli, da ake kira rubuta latches, waɗanda zasu iya ƙunsar har zuwa 128 umarnin shirye-shirye dangane da na'urar. Kafin ainihin aikin shirye-shirye, dole ne a loda bayanan rubuta a cikin latches na rubutu. Tsarin asali na RTSP shine saita ma'anar tebur, rajistar TBLPAG, sannan aiwatar da jerin umarnin TBLWT don loda latches na rubutu. Ana yin shirye-shirye ta hanyar saita abubuwan sarrafawa a cikin rijistar NVMCON. Adadin umarnin TBLWTL da TBLWTH da ake buƙata don loda latches ɗin rubutu daidai yake da adadin kalmomin shirin da za a rubuta.

Lura: Ana ba da shawarar cewa a adana rajistar TBLPAG kafin a gyara kuma a mayar da ita bayan amfani.

HANKALI
A wasu na'urori, ana adana ragowar Kanfigareshan a cikin shafi na ƙarshe na sararin ƙwaƙwalwar mai amfani da Flash a cikin wani sashe da ake kira, "Flash Configuration Bytes". Tare da waɗannan na'urori, yin aikin goge shafi a shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin yana goge baiti na Kanfigareshan Flash, wanda ke ba da damar kariya ta lamba. Don haka, masu amfani kada su yi ayyukan goge shafi akan shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin. Wannan ba damuwa ba ne lokacin da aka adana raƙuman Kanfigareshan a cikin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na Kanfigareshan a cikin wani sashe da ake kira, "Rejistar Kanfigareshan Na'ura". Koma zuwa Taswirar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin a cikin babin "Ƙungiyar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don tantance inda ake samun raƙuman Kanfigareshan.

Ayyukan Shirye-shiryen Flash
Shirin ko aikin shafewa yana da mahimmanci don tsarawa ko goge ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash na ciki a yanayin RTSP. Na'urar tana tsara lokaci ta atomatik shirin ko aikin shafewa (koma zuwa takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don bayanin lokacin). Saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]) yana fara aiki. Ana share bit WR ta atomatik lokacin da aka gama aiki. CPU yana tsayawa har sai an gama aikin shirye-shiryen. CPU ba zai aiwatar da kowane umarni ko amsa katsewa ba a wannan lokacin. Idan duk wani katsewa ya faru a lokacin zagayowar shirye-shirye, za su kasance a jira har sai an gama zagayowar. Wasu na'urorin dsPIC33/PIC24 na iya ba da ƙarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash (koma zuwa babin "Ƙungiyar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don cikakkun bayanai), wanda ke ba da izinin aiwatar da umarni ba tare da CPU Stalls ba yayin da ake share ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash da/ko tsarawa. Akasin haka, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash ɗin za a iya tsara shi ba tare da CPU Stalls ba, muddin aka aiwatar da lamba daga ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash ɗin mai amfani. Ana iya amfani da katsewar NVM don nuna cewa aikin shirye-shirye ya cika.

Lura

1. Idan lamarin POR ko BOR ya faru yayin da ake ci gaba da shafewar RTSP ko shirye-shirye, aikin RTSP ya ƙare nan da nan. Mai amfani yakamata ya sake aiwatar da aikin RTSP bayan na'urar ta fito daga Sake saiti.
2. Idan EXTR, SWR, WDTO, TRAPR, CM ko IOPUWR taron Sake saitin ya faru yayin da aikin shafewar RTSP ko shirye-shirye ke gudana, za a sake saita na'urar ne kawai bayan an gama aikin RTSP.

ALGORITHM TSARI NA RTSP
Wannan sashe yana bayyana shirye-shiryen RTSP, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan matakai guda uku.

Ƙirƙirar Hoton RAM na Shafin Bayanan da za a Gyara
Yi waɗannan matakai biyu don ƙirƙirar hoton RAM na shafin bayanan da za a gyara:

1. Karanta shafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash kuma adana shi cikin RAM data azaman "hoton" bayanai. Dole ne a karanta hoton RAM tun daga iyakar adireshin shafi.
2. Gyara hoton bayanan RAM kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Goge Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash
Bayan kammala matakai na 1 da 2 a sama, yi matakai huɗu masu zuwa don goge shafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash:

1. Saita NVMOP[3:0] bits (NVMCON[3:0]) don goge shafin memorin shirin Flash da aka karanta daga Mataki na 1.
2. Rubuta adireshin farawa na shafin da za a goge a cikin rijistar NVMADRU da NMVADR.
3. Tare da kashe katsewa:
   • a) Rubuta jerin maɓalli zuwa rijistar NVMKEY don ba da damar saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
   • b) Saita WR bit; wannan zai fara zagayowar shafewa.
   • c) Yi umarnin NOP guda biyu.
4. Ana share bit WR lokacin da shafewar sake zagayowar ya cika.

Shirye-shiryen da Flash Memory Page
Sashe na gaba na tsari shine shirya shafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Flash. Ana tsara shafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Flash ta amfani da bayanai daga hoton da aka ƙirƙira a Mataki na 1. Ana canja bayanan zuwa maƙallan rubutu a cikin haɓaka ko dai kalmomin koyarwa biyu ko layuka. Duk na'urori suna da ikon shirye-shiryen koyarwa sau biyu. (Dubi babin "Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash" a cikin takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don sanin ko, da kuma wane nau'in, shirye-shiryen jere yana samuwa.) Bayan an ɗora latches na rubutun, an fara aikin shirye-shiryen, wanda ke canja wurin bayanai daga rubuta latches a cikin Flash memory. Ana maimaita wannan har sai an tsara dukkan shafin. Maimaita waɗannan matakai guda uku masu zuwa, farawa daga kalmar koyarwa ta farko na shafin Flash da haɓaka cikin matakan ko dai kalmomin shirye-shirye biyu, ko layuka na koyarwa, har sai an tsara dukkan shafin:

1. Load da latches rubuta:
   • a) Saita rajistar TBLPAG don nuna wurin da aka rubuta latches.
   • b) Load da adadin latches da ake so ta amfani da nau'i-nau'i na TBLWTL da umarnin TBLWTH:
   • Don shirye-shiryen kalma biyu, ana buƙatar nau'i biyu na TBLWTL da umarnin TBLWTH
   • Don shirye-shiryen layi, ana buƙatar umarni biyu na TBLWTL da TBLWTH don kowane ɓangaren layin umarni.
2. Fara aikin shirye-shirye:
   • a) Sanya NVMOP[3:0] bits (NVMCON[3:0]) don tsara ko dai kalmomin koyarwa sau biyu ko jeren koyarwa, gwargwadon yadda ya dace.
     b) Rubuta adireshin farko na ko dai kalmar koyarwa biyu ko jeren koyarwa don tsarawa cikin rijistar NVMADRU da NVMADR.
     c) Tare da kashe katsewa:
     • Rubuta jerin maɓalli zuwa rijistar NVMKEY don ba da damar saita WR bit (NVMCON[15])
     • Saita WR bit; wannan zai fara zagayowar shafewa
     • Yi umarnin NOP guda biyu
3. Ana share bit WR lokacin da zagayowar shirye-shirye ya cika.

Maimaita tsarin gaba ɗaya kamar yadda ake buƙata don tsara adadin da ake so na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash.

Lura

1. Ya kamata mai amfani ya tuna cewa ƙaramin adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash wanda za'a iya gogewa ta amfani da RTSP shafi ne da aka goge. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci a adana hoton waɗannan wuraren a cikin RAM ɗin gaba ɗaya kafin a fara zagayen shafewa.
2. Bai kamata a tsara jere ko kalma a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin Flash fiye da sau biyu ba kafin a goge.
3. A kan na'urori masu saiti na Kanfigareshan da aka adana a cikin shafi na ƙarshe na Flash, yin aikin shafe shafi a shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin yana share baiti na Kanfigareshan, wanda ke ba da damar kariya ta lamba. A kan waɗannan na'urori, bai kamata a goge shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar Flash ba.

GAME DA SHAFI DAYA NA FLASH
Jerin lambar da aka nuna a ExampAna iya amfani da le 4-1 don goge shafi na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. An saita rijistar NVMCON don goge shafi ɗaya na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin. Ana loda rajistar NVMADR da NMVADRU tare da adireshin farawa na shafin da za a goge. Dole ne a goge ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin a iyakar adireshi na shafi "ko da". Dubi babin "Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin Flash" na takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don tantance girman shafin Flash.
An fara aikin shafewa ta hanyar rubuta buɗaɗɗen buɗewa na musamman, ko jerin maɓalli, zuwa rijistar NVMKEY kafin saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Ana buƙatar aiwatar da jerin buɗaɗɗen a daidai tsari, kamar yadda aka nuna a Example 4-1, ba tare da katsewa ba; don haka, dole ne a kashe katsewa.
Ya kamata a saka umarnin NOP guda biyu a cikin lambar bayan zagayowar shafewa. A kan wasu na'urori, ana adana ragowar Kanfigareshan a shafi na ƙarshe na shirin Flash. Tare da waɗannan na'urori, yin aikin goge shafi a shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin yana goge baiti na Kanfigareshan Flash, yana ba da damar kariyar lambar a sakamakon. Kada masu amfani su yi ayyukan shafe shafi a shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin.

LOADING RUBUTUN LATCHES
Ana amfani da latches na rubutu azaman hanyar ajiya tsakanin aikace-aikacen mai amfani Tebu Rubuta da ainihin jerin shirye-shirye. Yayin aikin shirye-shirye, na'urar za ta canja wurin bayanai daga maƙallan rubutu zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar Flash. Don na'urorin da ke goyan bayan shirye-shiryen layi, Example 4-3 yana nuna jerin umarni waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don ɗaukar latches 128 (kalmomin koyarwa 128). Ana buƙatar umarni 128 TBLWTL da 128 TBLWTH don loda latches na rubutu don tsara layin ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. Koma zuwa babin “Memory Programme Flash” na takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don tantance adadin latches na shirye-shirye da ke kan na'urarka. Don na'urorin da basa goyan bayan shirye-shiryen layi, Example 4-4 yana nuna jerin umarni waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don loda latches biyu na rubutu (kalmomin koyarwa biyu). Ana buƙatar TBLWTL biyu da umarnin TBLWTH guda biyu don ɗaukar latches na rubutu.

Lura

1. Ana nuna lambar don Load_Write_Latch_Row a Example 4-3 kuma ana nuna lambar don Load_Write_Latch_Word a Exampku 4-4. Lambar da ke cikin waɗannan biyunamples ana magana a cikin na gaba examples.
2. Koma zuwa takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don adadin latches.

SHIRIN TSIRA GUDA DAYA EXAMPLE
An saita rijistar NVMCON don tsara layin ɗaya na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. Ana fara aikin shirin ta rubuta buɗaɗɗen buɗewa na musamman, ko jerin maɓalli, zuwa rijistar NVMKEY kafin saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Ana buƙatar aiwatar da jerin buɗaɗɗen ba tare da katsewa ba, kuma cikin ainihin tsari, kamar yadda aka nuna a Exampku 4-5. Don haka, dole ne a kashe katsewa kafin rubuta jerin.

Lura: Ba duk na'urori ba ne ke da damar shirye-shiryen layi. Koma zuwa babin “Memory Programme Flash” na takamaiman takaddar bayanan na'urar don tantance ko akwai wannan zaɓi.

Ya kamata a saka umarnin NOP guda biyu a cikin lambar bayan zagayowar shirye-shirye.

SHIRIN LAYYA TA AMFANI DA RAM BUFFER
Zaɓi na'urorin dsPIC33 suna ba da izinin yin shirye-shiryen jere kai tsaye daga sararin ajiya a cikin RAM ɗin bayanai, maimakon shiga cikin latches masu riƙe don canja wurin bayanai tare da umarnin TBLWT. Wurin buffer RAM an ƙaddara ta NVMSRCADR rajista(s), waɗanda aka loda tare da adireshin RAM na bayanan da ke ɗauke da kalmar farko na bayanan shirin da za a rubuta.

Kafin aiwatar da aikin shirin, dole ne a loda sararin ajiya a cikin RAM tare da jerin bayanan da za a tsara. Ana iya loda RAM a ko dai a matsa (cushe) ko tsari mara nauyi. Ma'ajiyar da aka matse tana amfani da kalmar bayanai guda ɗaya don adana Mafi Muhimman Bytes (MSBs) na kalmomin bayanan shirin guda biyu. Tsarin da ba a haɗa shi ba yana amfani da kalmomin bayanai guda biyu ga kowane kalmar bayanan shirin, tare da babban byte na kowace kalma shine 00h. Tsarin da aka matsa yana amfani da kusan 3/4 na sarari a cikin RAM data idan aka kwatanta da tsarin da ba a matsawa ba. Tsarin da ba a matsawa ba, a daya bangaren, yana kwaikwayi tsarin kalmar bayanan shirye-shirye 24-bit, cikakke tare da babban fatalwa byte. An zaɓi tsarin bayanan ta bit RPDF (NVMCON[9]). Ana nuna waɗannan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu a cikin hoto na 4-1.

Da zarar RAM buffer ya ɗora, Flash Address Pointers, NVMADR da NVMADRU, ana loda su tare da adireshin farawa 24-bit na layin Flash da za a rubuta. Kamar yadda ake tsara latches na rubutu, ana fara aiwatar da tsarin ta rubuta jerin buɗaɗɗen NVM, sannan saitin WR bit. Da zarar an fara farawa, na'urar ta atomatik tana loda madaidaitan latches kuma ta ƙara rijistar Adireshin NVM har sai an tsara dukkan bytes. Example 4-7 yana nuna example na tsari. Idan an saita NVMSRCADR zuwa ƙima kamar yanayin kuskuren bayanan da ke gudana, za a saita URERR bit (NVMCON[8]) don nuna yanayin.
Na'urorin da ke aiwatar da shirye-shiryen layin buffer RAM kuma suna aiwatar da latches ɗaya ko biyu. Ana loda waɗannan ta amfani da umarnin TBLWT kuma ana amfani da su don aiwatar da ayyukan shirye-shiryen kalmomi.

SHIRIN KALMOMI
An saita rijistar NVMCON don tsara kalmomin koyarwa guda biyu na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash. Ana fara aikin shirin ta rubuta buɗaɗɗen buɗewa na musamman, ko jerin maɓalli, zuwa rijistar NVMKEY kafin saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Ana buƙatar aiwatar da jerin buɗaɗɗen a daidai tsari, kamar yadda aka nuna a Example 4-8, ba tare da katsewa ba. Don haka, ya kamata a kashe katsewa kafin rubuta jerin.
Ya kamata a saka umarnin NOP guda biyu a cikin lambar bayan zagayowar shirye-shirye.

Rubutu zuwa Masu rijistar Kanfigareshan Na'ura
A kan wasu na'urori, ana adana ragowar Kanfigareshan a cikin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin sashin da ake kira, "Rejistar Kanfigareshan Na'ura". A kan wasu na'urori, ana adana raƙuman Kanfigareshan a cikin shafi na ƙarshe na sarari ƙwaƙwalwar mai amfani da Flash a cikin wani sashe da ake kira, "Flash Configuration Bytes". Tare da waɗannan na'urori, yin aikin goge shafi a shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar shirin yana goge baiti na Kanfigareshan Flash, wanda ke ba da damar kariya ta lamba. Don haka, masu amfani kada su yi ayyukan goge shafi akan shafi na ƙarshe na ƙwaƙwalwar shirin. Koma zuwa Taswirar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Shirin a cikin babin "Ƙungiyar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa" na takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don tantance inda ake samun raƙuman Kanfigareshan.

Lokacin da aka adana ragowar Kanfigareshan a cikin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ana iya amfani da RTSP don rubutawa zuwa rijistar Kanfigareshan na'urar, kuma RTSP tana ba da damar sake rubuta kowace rijistar Kanfigareshan daban-daban ba tare da fara yin zagaye na gogewa ba. Dole ne a yi taka tsantsan yayin rubuta rajistar Kanfigareshan tunda suna sarrafa mahimman sigogin aiki na na'ura, kamar tushen agogon tsarin, PLL da WDT kunna.

Hanyar tsara rijistar Kanfigareshan na'ura yayi kama da tsarin tsara ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash, sai dai kawai umarnin TBLWTL ake buƙata. Wannan saboda manyan rago takwas na sama a cikin kowace na'urar Kanfigareshan rajista ba a amfani da su. Bugu da ƙari, bit 23 na adreshin Rubutun dole ne a saita don samun damar yin rijistar Kanfigareshan. Koma zuwa "Tsarin Na'ura" (DS70000618) a cikin "DsPIC33/PIC24 Littafin Maganar Iyali" da babin "Fasalolin Musamman" a cikin takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don cikakken bayanin rijistar Kanfigareshan na'urar.

Lura

1. Rubutu zuwa na'urar rajistar Kanfigareshan babu samuwa a duk na'urori. Koma zuwa babin “Special Features” a cikin takamaiman takardar bayanan na'urar don tantance hanyoyin da ke akwai bisa ga takamaiman ma'anar NVMOP[3:0] na na'urar.
2. Yayin yin RTSP akan rijistar Kanfigareshan na'urar, dole ne na'urar ta yi aiki ta amfani da FRC Oscillator na ciki (ba tare da PLL ba). Idan na'urar tana aiki daga tushen agogo daban, dole ne a yi canjin agogo zuwa na ciki na FRC Oscillator (NOSC[2:0] = 000) kafin yin aikin RTSP a cikin rajistar Kanfigareshan na'urar.
3. Idan Yanayin Oscillator na Farko Zaɓan ragowa (POSCMD[1:0]) a cikin rijistar Kanfigareshan Oscillator (FOSC) ana sake tsara shi zuwa sabuwar ƙima, mai amfani dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa Yanayin Canjawar Agogo (FCKSM[1:0]) a ciki Rijistar FOSC tana da ƙimar shirin farko na '0', kafin yin wannan aikin RTSP.

RUBUTA ALGORITHM MAI KYAUTA
Hanyar gama gari ita ce kamar haka:

1. Rubuta sabon ƙimar daidaitawa zuwa Tebur Rubuta latch ta amfani da umarnin TBLWTL.
2. Sanya NVMCON don rubutaccen rijistar Kanfigareshan (NVMCON = 0x4000).
3. Rubuta adireshin rijistar Kanfigareshan don tsarawa cikin rijistar NVMADRU da NVMADR.
4. Kashe katsewa, idan an kunna.
5. Rubuta jerin maɓalli zuwa rijistar NVMKEY.
6. Fara jerin rubutun ta hanyar saita WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
7. Sake kunna katsewa, idan an buƙata.

Example 4-10 yana nuna jerin lambobin da za a iya amfani da su don gyara rijistar Kanfigareshan na'ura.

RIGISTER TASIRI

An bayar da taƙaitaccen rijistar da ke da alaƙa da shirye-shiryen Flash a cikin Tebur 5-1.

RUBUTUN APPLICATION DAKE DA alaƙa

Wannan sashe yana lissafin bayanan aikace-aikacen da ke da alaƙa da wannan sashe na jagorar. Wataƙila ba za a rubuta waɗannan bayanan aikace-aikacen musamman don iyalai samfurin dsPIC33/PIC24 ba, amma ra'ayoyin sun dace kuma ana iya amfani da su tare da gyare-gyare da iyakoki. Bayanan aikace-aikacen yanzu masu alaƙa da shirye-shiryen Flash sune:

Lura: Da fatan za a ziyarci Microchip webshafin (www.microchip.com) don ƙarin Bayanan kula da aikace-aikacen da lambar examples na dsPIC33/PIC24 iyalan na'urori.

TARIHIN BAYA

Bita A (Agusta 2009)
Wannan shine farkon fitowar wannan takaddar.

Bita B (Fabrairu 2011)
Wannan bita ya ƙunshi sabuntawa masu zuwa:

• Exampda:
  • An cire Example 5-3 da Exampkuma 5-4
  • An sabunta Exampda 4-1, Example 4-5 da Exampkuma 4-10
  • An sabunta duk wani nassoshi game da #WR zuwa #15 a cikin Exampda 4-1, Example 4-5 da Exampkuma 4-8
  • An sabunta mai zuwa a cikin Exampkashi 4-3:
• An sabunta taken "Tsarin Kalma" zuwa "Loading Write Latches for Row Programming"
• An sabunta duk wani batun #ram_image zuwa #0xFA
  • An ƙara Exampkuma 4-4
  • An sabunta take a cikin Exampkuma 4-8
• Bayanan kula:
  • Ƙara bayanin kula guda biyu a cikin Sashe na 4.2 "Ayyukan Shirye-shiryen Flash"
  • An sabunta bayanin kula a Sashe na 4.5.2 "Loading Write Latches"
  • An ƙara bayanin kula guda uku a cikin Sashe na 4.6 "Rubuta zuwa Masu Rijistar Kanfigareshan Na'ura"
  • Ƙara bayanin kula 1 a Tebur 5-1
• Masu yin rijista:
  • An sabunta ƙimar bit don NVMOP[3:0]: NVM Operation Select bits a cikin rijistar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Flash (NVMCON) (duba Rajista 3-1)
• Sashe:
  • Sassan da aka cire 5.2.1.4 "Rubuta Yanayin Kalma" da 5.2.1.5 "Rubutun Byte"
  • Sashe na 3.0 da aka sabunta "Masu Rijista"
  • An sabunta mai zuwa a cikin Sashe na 4.5.5 “Shirye-shiryen Kalma”:
• Canza taken sashe "Shirye-shiryen Kalma ɗaya na Ƙwaƙwalwar Flash" zuwa "Programming Word"
• An sabunta sakin layi na farko
• Canza kalmomin “kalmar ɗaya” zuwa “kalmomi biyu” a cikin sakin layi na biyu
  • Ƙara sabon Mataki na 1 zuwa Sashe na 4.6.1 "Rijista Kanfigareshan Rubuta Algorithm"
• Tables:
  • Shafin da aka sabunta 5-1
• An sabunta ƴan nassoshi game da žwažwalwar ajiyar shirin zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar shirin Flash
• Sauran ƙananan abubuwan sabuntawa kamar sabunta harshe da tsarawa an haɗa su cikin takaddar

Bita C (Yuni 2011)
Wannan bita ya ƙunshi sabuntawa masu zuwa:

• Exampda:
  • An sabunta Exampkuma 4-1
  • An sabunta Exampkuma 4-8
• Bayanan kula:
  • Ƙara bayanin kula a cikin Sashe na 4.1 "Aikin RTSP"
  • Ƙara bayanin kula 3 a cikin Sashe na 4.2 "Ayyukan Shirye-shiryen Flash"
  • Ƙara bayanin kula 3 a cikin Sashe na 4.2.1 "Algorithm Shirye-shiryen RTSP"
  • Ƙara bayanin kula a cikin Sashe na 4.5.1 "Goge Shafi ɗaya na Flash"
  • Ƙara bayanin kula 2 a cikin Sashe na 4.5.2 "Loading Write Latches"
• Masu yin rijista:
  • An sabunta bayanin bit don rago 15-0 a cikin rajistar Adireshin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa (duba Rajista 3-3)
• Sashe:
  • Sabunta Sashe 4.1 “Aikin RTSP”
  • Sabunta Sashe 4.5.5 “Shirye-shiryen Kalma”
• Sauran ƙananan abubuwan sabuntawa kamar sabunta harshe da tsarawa an haɗa su cikin takaddar

Bita D (Disamba 2011)
Wannan bita ya ƙunshi sabuntawa masu zuwa:

• Sabunta Sashe 2.1.3 "Table Rubuta Latches"
• Sabunta Sashe na 3.2 “Rijistan NVMKEY”
• An sabunta bayanan kula a cikin NVMCON: Rajistar Kula da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Flash (duba Rajista 3-1)
• An yi sabuntawa da yawa a cikin Sashe na 4.0 "Shirye-shiryen Kai Tsaye (RTSP)"
• Sauran ƙananan abubuwan sabuntawa kamar sabunta harshe da tsarawa an haɗa su cikin takaddar

Bita E (Oktoba 2018)
Wannan bita ya ƙunshi sabuntawa masu zuwa:

• An ƙara Exampda 2-2, Exampda 4-2, Example 4-6 da Exampkuma 4-9
• Ƙara Sashe 4.5.4 "Shirye-shiryen Layi Ta Amfani da RAM Buffer"
• Sabunta Sashe 1.0 “Gabatarwa”, Sashe na 3.3 “Masu Rijistar Adireshin NVM”, Sashe na 4.0 “Shirye-shiryen Kai Tsaye (RTSP)” da Sashe na 4.5.3 “Shirye-shiryen Sayi Guda Daya Ex.ampda ”
• An sabunta Rajista 3-1
• An sabunta Exampkuma 4-7
• Shafin da aka sabunta 5-1

Bita F (Nuwamba 2021)
Ƙara Sashe 3.2.1 "Katse Katsewa".
An sabunta Exampda 3-1, Exampda 4-1, Exampda 4-2, Exampda 4-5, Exampda 4-6, Exampda 4-7, Exampda 4-8, Example 4-9 da Exampku 4-10.
Sashe na 3.2 da aka sabunta "Rijistan NVMKEY", Sashe na 4.5.1 "Goge Shafi ɗaya na Flash", Sashe 4.5.3 "Shirye-shiryen Sayi Guda ɗaya Example" da Sashe na 4.6.1 "Rubuta Algorithm na Kanfigareshan".

Kula da cikakkun bayanai masu zuwa na fasalin kariyar lambar akan samfuran Microchip:

• Samfuran Microchip sun haɗu da ƙayyadaddun bayanai da ke ƙunshe a cikin takamaiman takaddar bayanan Microchip ɗin su.
• Microchip ya yi imanin cewa dangin samfuran sa suna da tsaro lokacin da aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar da aka yi niyya, cikin ƙayyadaddun aiki, da kuma ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun.
• Ƙimar Microchip kuma tana kare haƙƙin mallaka na fasaha da ƙarfi. Ƙoƙarin keta fasalulluka na kariyar lambar samfurin Microchip an haramta shi sosai kuma yana iya keta dokar haƙƙin mallaka na Millennium Digital.
• Babu Microchip ko kowane masana'anta na semiconductor ba zai iya tabbatar da amincin lambar sa ba. Kariyar lambar ba ta nufin cewa muna ba da garantin samfurin "ba zai karye ba". Kariyar lambar tana ci gaba da haɓakawa. Microchip ya himmatu don ci gaba da haɓaka fasalin kariyar lambar samfuranmu

Ana iya amfani da wannan ɗaba'ar da bayanin nan tare da samfuran Microchip kawai, gami da ƙira, gwadawa, da haɗa samfuran Microchip tare da aikace-aikacenku. Amfani da wannan bayanin ta kowace hanya ya saba wa waɗannan sharuɗɗan. Bayani game da aikace-aikacen na'ura an bayar da shi ne kawai don jin daɗin ku kuma ana iya maye gurbinsu da sabuntawa. Alhakin ku ne don tabbatar da cewa aikace-aikacenku ya dace da ƙayyadaddun bayananku. Tuntuɓi ofishin tallace-tallace na Microchip na gida don ƙarin tallafi ko, sami ƙarin tallafi a https://www.microchip.com/en-us/support/design-help/client-supportservices.

WANNAN BAYANI AN BAYAR DA MICROCHIP "KAMAR YADDA". MICROCHIP BA YA YI WAKILI KO GARANTI KOWANE IRIN BAYANI KO BAYANI, RUBUTU KO BAKI, SHARI'A KO WANI BA, DANGANE DA BAYANIN GAME DA BAYANIN AMMA BAI IYA IYAKA GA WANI GARGADI BA. MUSAMMAN MANUFAR, KO GARANTI DAKE DANGANTA YANAYINSA, KYAUTA, KO AIKINSA. BABU ABUBUWAN DA MICROCHIP ZA SU IYA DOKA GA DUK WATA BAYANI NA MUSAMMAN, HUKUNCI, GASKIYA, MAI FASAHA, KO SABODA HAKA Asara, Lalacewa, KASHI, KO KUDI KOWANE IRIN ABIN DA YAKE DANGANTA GA BAYANIN KO HANYAR AMFANINSA, ED NA THE YIWU KO LALACEWAR ANA GABA. ZUWA CIKAKKIYAR DOKA, JAMA'AR DOKAR MICROCHIP A KAN DUK DA'AWA A KOWANE HANYA DAKE DANGANTA BAYANI KO AMFANINSA BA ZAI WUCE YAWAN KUDADE BA, IDAN WATA, CEWA KA BIYA GASKIYA GA GADON.

Amfani da na'urorin Microchip a cikin tallafin rayuwa da/ko aikace-aikacen aminci gabaɗaya yana cikin haɗarin mai siye, kuma mai siye ya yarda ya kare, ramuwa da riƙe Microchip mara lahani daga kowane lalacewa, iƙirari, dacewa, ko kashe kuɗi sakamakon irin wannan amfani. Ba a isar da lasisi, a fakaice ko akasin haka, ƙarƙashin kowane haƙƙin mallaka na Microchip sai dai in an faɗi haka.

Don bayani game da Tsarin Gudanar da Ingancin Microchip, da fatan za a ziyarci www.microchip.com/quality.

Alamomin kasuwanci

Sunan Microchip da tambarin, tambarin Microchip, Adaptec, AnyRate, AVR, tambarin AVR, AVR Freaks, BesTime, BitCloud, CryptoMemory, CryptoRF, dsPIC, flexPWR, HELDO, IGLOO, JukeBlox, KeeLoq, Kleer, LAN maXStyMD, Link maXTouch, MediaLB, megaAVR, Microsemi, tambarin Microsemi, MAFI YAWAN tambari, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, picoPower, PICSTART, tambarin PIC32, PolarFire, Prochip Designer, QTouch, SAM-BA, SenGenuity, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash , Symmetricom, SyncServer, Tachyon, TimeSource, tinyAVR, UNI/O, Vectron, da XMEGA alamun kasuwanci ne masu rijista na Microchip Technology Incorporated a cikin Amurka da wasu ƙasashe. AgileSwitch, APT, ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company, EtherSynch, Flashtec, Hyper Speed ​​Control, HyperLight Load, IntelliMOS, Libero, motorBench, mTouch, Powermite 3, Precision Edge, ProASIC, ProASIC Plus, ProASIC Plus logo, Shuru- Waya, SmartFusion, SyncWorld, Temux, TimeCesium, TimeHub, TimePictra, TimeProvider, TrueTime, WinPath, da ZL alamun kasuwanci ne masu rijista na Microchip Technology Incorporated a cikin Amurka

Maɓallin Maɓalli na kusa, AKS, Analog-for-da-Digital Age, Duk wani Capacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut, Ƙaƙwalwar Sauyawa, BlueSky, BodyCom, CodeGuard, CryptoAuthentication, CryptoAutomotive, CryptoCompanion, CryptoController, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, Matsakaicin Matsakaicin DAMM , ECAN, Espresso T1S, EtherGREEN, GridTime, IdealBridge, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, INICnet, Daidaitawar hankali, Inter-Chip Connectivity, JitterBlocker, Knob-on-Display, maxCrypto, maxView, memBrain, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, Tambarin Tambarin MPLAB, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, NVM Express, NVMe, Ƙwararren Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, PowerSmart, PureSilicon, QMatrix, REUTERS , Ripple Blocker, RTAX, RTG4, SAM-ICE, Serial Quad I/O, simpleMAP, SimpliPHY, SmartBuffer, SmartHLS, SMART-IS, storClad, SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Switchtec, SynchroPHY, Total Jimiri, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, VectorBlox, VeriPHY, ViewSpan, WiperLock, XpressConnect, da ZENA alamun kasuwanci ne na Microchip Technology Incorporated a cikin Amurka da sauran ƙasashe.

SQTP alamar sabis ce ta Microchip Technology Incorporated a cikin Amurka
Alamar Adaptec, Mitar Buƙatu, Fasahar Adana Silicon, Symmcom, da Amintaccen Lokaci alamun kasuwanci ne masu rijista na Microchip Technology Inc. a wasu ƙasashe.
GestIC alamar kasuwanci ce mai rijista ta Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, reshen Microchip Technology Inc., a wasu ƙasashe.
Duk sauran alamun kasuwanci da aka ambata a nan mallakin kamfanoninsu ne.
© 2009-2021, Microchip Technology Incorporated da rassanta.
Duka Hakkoki.
ISBN: 978-1-5224-9314-3

Kasuwanci da Sabis na Duniya

AMURKA

• Ofishin Kamfanin
  2355 West Chandler Blvd.
  Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
  Tel: 480-792-7200
  Fax: 480-792-7277
  Goyon bayan sana'a: http://www.microchip.com/
  goyon baya Web Adireshi: www.microchip.com
• Atlanta
  Dulut, GA
  Tel: 678-957-9614
  Fax: 678-957-1455
• Austin, TX
  Tel: 512-257-3370
• Boston
  Westborough, MA
  Tel: 774-760-0087
  Fax: 774-760-0088
• Chicago
  Itace, IL
  Tel: 630-285-0071
  Fax: 630-285-0075
• Dallas
  Addison, TX
  Tel: 972-818-7423
  Fax: 972-818-2924
• Detroit
  Novi, MI
  Tel: 248-848-4000
• Houston, TX
  Tel: 281-894-5983
• Indianapolis
  Noblesville, IN
  Tel: 317-773-8323
  Fax: 317-773-5453
  Tel: 317-536-2380
• Los Angeles
  Ofishin Jakadancin Viejo, CA
  Tel: 949-462-9523
  Fax: 949-462-9608
  Tel: 951-273-7800
• Raleigh, NC
  Tel: 919-844-7510
• New York, NY
  Tel: 631-435-6000
• San Jose, CA
  Tel: 408-735-9110
  Tel: 408-436-4270
• Kanada - Toronto
  Tel: 905-695-1980
  Fax: 905-695-2078

ASIA/PACIFIC

• Ostiraliya - Sydney
  Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
• China - Beijing
  Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
• China - Chengdu
  Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
• China - Chongqing
  Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
• China - Dongguan
  Tel: 86-769-8702-9880
• China - Guangzhou
  Tel: 86-20-8755-8029
• China - Hangzhou
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• China - Hong Kong SAR
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• China - Nanjing
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• China - Qingdao
  Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
• China - Shanghai
  Tel: 86-21-3326-8000
• China - Shenyang
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• China - Shenzhen
  Tel: 86-755-8864-2200
• China - Suzhou
  Tel: 86-186-6233-1526
• China - Wuhan
  Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
• China - Xian
  Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
• China - Xiamen
  Tel: 86-592-2388138
• China - Zhuhai
  Tel: 86-756-3210040
• Indiya - Bangalore
  Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
• Indiya - New Delhi
  Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
• Indiya - Pune
  Tel: 91-20-4121-0141
• Japan - Osaka
  Tel: 81-6-6152-7160
• Japan - Tokyo
  Tel: 81-3-6880-3770
• Koriya - Daegu
  Tel: 82-53-744-4301
• Koriya - Seoul
  Tel: 82-2-554-7200
• Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
  Tel: 60-3-7651-7906
• Malaysia - Penang
  Tel: 60-4-227-8870
• Philippines - Manila
  Tel: 63-2-634-9065
• Singapore
  Tel: 65-6334-8870
• Taiwan - Hsin Chu
  Tel: 886-3-577-8366
• Taiwan - Kaohsiung
  Tel: 886-7-213-7830
• Taiwan - Taipei
  Tel: 886-2-2508-8600
• Thailand - Bangkok
  Tel: 66-2-694-1351
• Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh
  Tel: 84-28-5448-2100

TURAI

• Ostiriya - Wels
  Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
  Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
• Denmark - Copenhagen
  Tel: 45-4485-5910
  Fax: 45-4485-2829
• Finland - Espoo
  Lambar waya: 358-9-4520-820
• Faransa - Paris
  Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
  Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
• Jamus - Garching
  Tel: 49-8931-9700
• Jamus - Han
  Tel: 49-2129-3766400
• Jamus - Heilbronn
  Tel: 49-7131-72400
• Jamus - Karlsruhe
  Tel: 49-721-625370
• Jamus - Munich
  Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
  Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
• Jamus - Rosenheim
  Tel: 49-8031-354-560
• Italiya - Milan
  Tel: 39-0331-742611
  Fax: 39-0331-466781
• Italiya - Padova
  Tel: 39-049-7625286
• Netherlands - Drunen
  Tel: 31-416-690399
  Fax: 31-416-690340
• Norway - Trondheim
  Tel: 47-7288-4388
• Poland - Warsaw
  Tel: 48-22-3325737
• Romania - Bucharest
  Tel: 40-21-407-87-50
• Spain - Madrid
  Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
  Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
• Sweden - Gothenberg
  Tel: 46-31-704-60-40
• Sweden - Stockholm
  Tel: 46-8-5090-4654
• UK - Wokingham
  Tel: 44-118-921-5800
  Fax: 44-118-921-5820

Lura:

Wannan ɓangaren littafin jagorar iyali ana nufin yin aiki azaman madaidaicin takaddun bayanan na'urar. Dangane da bambance-bambancen na'urar, wannan ɓangaren jagorar ƙila ba zai shafi duk na'urorin dsPIC33/PIC24 ba. Da fatan za a tuntuɓi bayanin kula a farkon babin “Memory Programme Flash” a cikin takardar bayanan na'urar na yanzu don bincika ko wannan takaddar tana goyan bayan na'urar da kuke amfani da ita.
Ana samun takaddun bayanan na'ura da sassan littafin jagorar dangi don saukewa daga Microchip a Duniya Websaiti a: http://www.microchip.com.

Takardu / Albarkatu

	MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani PIC24 Flash Programming, PIC24, Flash Programming, Programming
	MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani PIC24 Flash Programming, PIC24, Flash Programming

Magana

• Manual mai amfani