Takarda Mai Bada A
Babban Matsayin Samaview na Audio
Zaɓuɓɓuka akan Rasberi Pi SBCs
Raspberry Pi Ltd. girma
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© 2022-2025 Rasberi Pi Ltd
Wannan takardun da aka lasisi a karkashin tsararren masu ƙirƙira-babu abubuwan da ke haifar da 4.0 (CC ta-ND).
Shafin 1.0
Ranar Gina: 28/05/2025
Sanarwa na karya doka
BAYANIN FASAHA DA DOMIN AMINCI DON SAMUN SAUKI PI (HADA DA DATASHEETS) KAMAR YADDA AKE GYARA DAGA LOKACI ZUWA LOKACI ("KASUWA") ANA BAYAR DA RASPBERRY PI LTD ("RPL") "KAMAR YADDA" DA DUKAN BAYANAI, KO BANGASKIYA, BAYANAI. TO, GARANTIN SAUKI DA KYAUTA GA MUSAMMAN MANUFAR ANA ƙin yarda. ZUWA MATSALAR MATSALAR DOKA A BABU ABINDA YA FARUWA RPL BA ZAI IYA HANNU GA DUK WANI SHARRI GASKIYA, GASKIYA, MAFARKI, NA MUSAMMAN, MISALI, KO SAMUN LALATA (HADA DA, AMMA BAI IYA IYAKA BA; E, DATA , Ko riba; ko katsewa) duk da haka hadar da alhaki, ko azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa ko azabtarwa ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko azabtarwa (har da azabtarwa, ko kuma azabtarwa ko azabtarwa ko azabtarwa IRIN WANNAN LALACEWAR.
RPL tana da haƙƙin yin kowane haɓakawa, haɓakawa, gyare-gyare ko kowane gyare-gyare ga RESOURCES ko kowane samfuran da aka bayyana a cikinsu a kowane lokaci kuma ba tare da ƙarin sanarwa ba.
An yi nufin RESOURCES don ƙwararrun masu amfani da matakan da suka dace na ilimin ƙira. Masu amfani ke da alhakin zaɓin su da amfani da RESOURCES da kowane aikace-aikacen samfuran da aka bayyana a cikinsu. Mai amfani ya yarda ya ramuwa da riƙe RPL mara lahani ga duk haƙƙoƙi, farashi, diyya ko wasu asara da suka taso daga amfani da su na RESOURCES. RPL yana ba masu amfani izini don amfani da RESOURCES kawai tare da samfuran Rasberi Pi. An haramta duk sauran amfani da RESOURCES. Babu lasisi da aka bayar ga kowane RPL ko wani haƙƙin mallakar fasaha na ɓangare na uku.
AYYUKAN HADARI MAI KYAU. Ba a tsara samfuran Raspberry Pi, kerarre ko an yi nufin amfani da su a cikin mahalli masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar gazawar aiki lafiya, kamar a cikin ayyukan makaman nukiliya, kewayawa jirgin sama ko tsarin sadarwa, sarrafa zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, tsarin makamai ko aikace-aikacen aminci mai mahimmanci (ciki har da tsarin tallafin rayuwa da sauran na'urorin likitanci), wanda gazawar samfuran na iya haifar da kai tsaye ga mutuwa, rauni na mutum ko mummunan lahani na jiki ko na muhalli (“Hanyoyin lalacewa). RPL musamman yana ƙin duk wani bayani ko garanti na dacewa don Babban Ayyukan Haɗari kuma yana karɓar wani alhaki don amfani ko haɗa samfuran Rasberi Pi a cikin Babban Ayyukan Haɗari. Ana ba da samfuran Rasberi Pi bisa ga RPL's Daidaitaccen Sharuɗɗan. Samar da RPL na RESOURCES baya faɗaɗa ko in ba haka ba ya canza RPL's Daidaitaccen Sharuɗɗan gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga ƙetare da garantin da aka bayyana a cikinsu ba.
Tarihin sigar daftarin aiki
| Saki | Kwanan wata | Bayani |
| 1 | 1-Afrilu-25 | Sakin farko |
Iyakar daftarin aiki
Wannan takaddar ta shafi samfuran Rasberi Pi masu zuwa:
| Farashin PI0 | Farashin PI1 | Pi 2 | Pi 3 | Pi 4 | Pi 400 | Pi 5 | Pi 500 | Saukewa: CM1 | Saukewa: CM3 | Saukewa: CM4 | Saukewa: CM5 | Pico | Pico2 | ||||
| 0 | W | H | A | B | A | B | B | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka | Duka |
| ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Gabatarwa
A cikin shekaru da yawa, zaɓuɓɓukan da ake samu don fitar da sauti akan Rasberi Pi SBCs (kwamfutar allo guda ɗaya) sun ƙara yawa, kuma yadda ake fitar da su daga software ya canza.
Wannan takaddar za ta bi yawancin zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su don fitar da sauti akan na'urar Rasberi Pi kuma tana ba da umarni kan yadda ake amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan sauti daga tebur da layin umarni.
Wannan farar takarda ta ɗauka cewa na'urar Rasberi Pi tana aiki da Rasberi Pi OS kuma ta cika ta zamani tare da sabuwar firmware da kernels.
Rasberi Pi hardware audio
HDMI
Duk Rasberi Pi SBCs suna da haɗin haɗin HDMI wanda ke goyan bayan sauti na HDMI. Haɗa Rasberi Pi SBC ɗin ku zuwa mai saka idanu ko talabijin tare da masu magana zai ba da damar fitowar sauti ta HDMI ta atomatik ta waɗannan lasifikan. HDMI audio sigina ne mai inganci mai inganci, don haka sakamakon zai iya zama mai kyau sosai, kuma ana samun goyan bayan audiochannel multichannel kamar DTS.
Idan kuna amfani da bidiyon HDMI amma kuna son siginar mai jiwuwa ta rabu - misaliample, zo a ampmai kunnawa wanda baya goyan bayan shigarwar HDMI - sannan kuna buƙatar amfani da ƙarin kayan aikin da ake kira splitter don cire siginar sauti daga siginar HDMI. Wannan na iya zama tsada, amma akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka, kuma waɗannan an bayyana su a ƙasa.
Analogue PCM / 3.5mm jack
Samfuran Rasberi Pi B+, 2, 3, da 4 sun ƙunshi jack audio mai tsayi 4-pole 3.5 mm wanda zai iya tallafawa siginar sauti da haɗaɗɗun bidiyo. Wannan ingantaccen fitowar analog ne mai ƙarancin inganci wanda aka samar daga siginar PCM (mosulation code), amma har yanzu ya dace da belun kunne da lasifikan tebur.
NOTE
Babu fitowar sauti na analog akan Rasberi Pi 5.
Ana bayyana siginar filogi na jack a cikin tebur mai zuwa, farawa daga ƙarshen kebul kuma yana ƙarewa a tip. Ana samun igiyoyi tare da ayyuka daban-daban, don haka tabbatar cewa kana da daidai.
| Jack kashi | Sigina |
| Hannun hannu | Bidiyo |
| Zobe 2 | Kasa |
| Zobe 1 | Dama |
| Tukwici | Hagu |
Allolin adaftar tushen I2S
Duk samfuran Rasberi Pi SBCs suna da gefen I2S da ake samu akan taken GPIO. I2S mizanin mu'amalar motar bas na lantarki ne da ake amfani da shi don haɗa na'urorin sauti na dijital da kuma sadar da bayanan sauti na PCM tsakanin abubuwan da ke cikin na'urar lantarki. Raspberry Pi Ltd yana ƙera kewayon allo mai jiwuwa waɗanda ke haɗawa da taken GPIO kuma suna amfani da ƙirar I2S don canja wurin bayanan sauti daga SoC (tsarin kan guntu) zuwa allon ƙarawa.
Lura: Allolin ƙara waɗanda ke haɗa ta hanyar GPIO kuma suna bin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai ana kiran su HATs (Hardware Attached on Top). Ana iya samun takamaiman su anan: https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/
Ana iya ganin cikakken kewayon HAT na sauti akan Raspberry Pi Ltd website: https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/
Hakanan akwai ɗimbin HAT na ɓangare na uku da ake samarwa don fitar da sauti, misaliample daga Pimoroni, HiFiBerry, Adafruit, da dai sauransu, kuma waɗannan suna ba da ɗimbin fasali daban-daban.
USB audio
Idan ba zai yiwu a shigar da HAT ba, ko kuma kuna neman hanya mai sauri da sauƙi don haɗa madaidaicin jack don fitarwar lasifikan kai ko shigar da makirufo, to adaftan sauti na USB zaɓi ne mai kyau. Waɗannan na'urori ne masu sauƙi, masu arha waɗanda ke toshe ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin USB-A akan Rasberi Pi SBC.
Rasberi Pi OS ya haɗa da direbobi don sauti na USB ta tsohuwa; da zaran na'urar ta toshe, yakamata ta bayyana akan menu na na'urar da ke bayyana lokacin da alamar lasifikar da ke kan ɗawainiya ta danna dama.
Hakanan tsarin zai gano ta atomatik idan na'urar USB da aka haɗe tana da shigarwar makirufo kuma tana ba da tallafin da ya dace.
Bluetooth
Sautin Bluetooth yana nufin watsa bayanan sauti mara waya ta hanyar fasahar Bluetooth, wanda ake amfani da shi sosai. Yana ba Rasberi Pi SBC damar yin magana da masu magana da Bluetooth da belun kunne / belun kunne, ko kowace na'ura mai jiwuwa tare da tallafin Bluetooth. Tsawon yana da ɗan gajeren gajere - kusan 10 m iyakar.
Ana buƙatar na'urorin Bluetooth su 'haɗe' tare da Rasberi Pi SBC kuma za su bayyana a cikin saitunan sauti akan tebur da zarar an yi haka. An shigar da Bluetooth ta tsohuwa akan Rasberi Pi OS, tare da tambarin Bluetooth yana bayyana akan ma'aunin aikin tebur akan kowace na'ura da aka shigar da kayan aikin Bluetooth (ko dai an gina su a ciki ko ta Bluetooth USB dongle). Lokacin da aka kunna Bluetooth, alamar zata zama shuɗi; lokacin da aka kashe shi, alamar zata yi launin toka.
Tallafin software
Software na goyon bayan audio na asali ya canza sosai a cikin cikakken hoton Rasberi Pi OS, kuma, ga mai amfani na ƙarshe, waɗannan canje-canjen galibi a bayyane suke. Asalin tsarin tsarin sautin da aka yi amfani da shi shine ALSA. Pulse Audio ya yi nasara a ALSA, kafin a maye gurbinsa da tsarin na yanzu, wanda ake kira Pipe Wire. Wannan tsarin yana da ayyuka iri ɗaya kamar Pulse Audio, da kuma API mai jituwa, amma kuma yana da kari don sarrafa bidiyo da sauran siffofi, yana sa haɗin bidiyo da sauti ya fi sauƙi. Saboda Pipe Wire yana amfani da API iri ɗaya da Pulse Audio, Pulse Audio utilities suna aiki da kyau akan tsarin Pipe Wire.
Ana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan amfani a cikin examples kasa.
Don ajiye girman hoton, Rasberi Pi OS Lite har yanzu yana amfani da ALSA don samar da goyan bayan sauti kuma baya haɗa da kowane Pipe Wire, Pulse Audio, ko ɗakunan karatu na audio na Bluetooth. Koyaya, yana yiwuwa a shigar da dakunan karatu masu dacewa don ƙara waɗannan fasalulluka kamar yadda ake buƙata, kuma an bayyana wannan tsari a ƙasa.
Desktop
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ana sarrafa ayyukan sauti ta gunkin lasifikar da ke kan ma'aunin aikin tebur. Danna-hagu akan gunkin yana kawo maɓallin ƙara da maɓallin bebe, yayin da danna dama yana kawo jerin na'urori masu jiwuwa. Kawai danna na'urar mai jiwuwa da kake son amfani da ita. Hakanan akwai zaɓi, ta danna-dama, don canza profiles amfani da kowace na'ura. Wadannan profiles yawanci suna ba da matakan inganci daban-daban.
Idan an kunna tallafin makirufo, gunkin makirufo zai bayyana akan menu; danna dama akan wannan zai kawo takamaiman zaɓuɓɓukan menu na makirufo, kamar zaɓin na'urar shigarwa, yayin da danna hagu yana kawo saitunan matakin shigarwa.
Bluetooth
Don haɗa na'urar Bluetooth, danna-hagu akan gunkin Bluetooth akan ma'aunin aiki, sannan zaɓi 'Ƙara Na'ura'. Sannan tsarin zai fara nemo na’urori da ake da su, wadanda za su bukaci a sanya su cikin yanayin ‘Discover’ don a gani. Danna kan na'urar lokacin da ta bayyana a cikin jerin kuma na'urorin yakamata su haɗa su. Da zarar an haɗa su, na'urar mai jiwuwa za ta bayyana a cikin menu, wanda aka zaɓa ta danna gunkin lasifikar da ke kan ɗawainiya.
Layin umarni
Saboda Pipe Wire yana amfani da API iri ɗaya da Pulse Audio, yawancin umarnin Pulse Audio da ake amfani da su don sarrafa aikin sauti akan Pipe Wire. yarjejeniya ita ce daidaitacciyar hanyar sarrafa Pulse Audio: rubuta man pactl cikin layin umarni don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don Rasberi Pi OS Lite
A kan cikakken shigarwa na Raspberry Pi OS, duk aikace-aikacen layin umarni da ake buƙata an riga an shigar dasu da ɗakunan karatu. A kan nau'in Lite, kodayake, Pipe Wire ba a shigar da shi ta tsohuwa ba kuma dole ne a shigar da shi da hannu don samun damar sake kunna sauti.
Don shigar da dakunan karatu da ake buƙata don Pipe Wire akan Rasberi Pi OS Lite, da fatan za a shigar da waɗannan masu zuwa: sudo apt install pipewire pipewire-pulse pipewire-audio pulseaudio-utils Idan kuna da niyyar gudanar da aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da ALSA, kuna buƙatar shigar da masu zuwa: sudo dace shigar pipewire-alsa
Sake kunnawa bayan shigarwa shine hanya mafi sauƙi don samun komai da aiki.
sake kunnawa audio examples
Nuna jerin ingantattun na'urori masu jiwuwa na Pulse a cikin gajeren tsari (dogon sigar ya ƙunshi bayanai da yawa kuma yana da wahalar karantawa): $ pactl jerin gajerun hanyoyin Nuna lissafin Pulse Audio nutse a takaice:
$ pactl lissafin gajere
A kan Rasberi Pi 5 da aka haɗa da mai saka idanu na HDMI tare da ginanniyar sauti da ƙarin katin sauti na USB, wannan umarni yana ba da fitarwa mai zuwa: $ pactl list nutse gajere.
179 alsa_output.platform-107c701400.hdmi.hdmi-stereo Pipe Wire s32le 2ch 48000Hz KARANTA 265 alsa_output.usb-C-Media_Electronics_Inc._USB_PnP_Sound_Deanalog Wire s16le 2ch 48000Hz an dakatar da shi
NOTE
Rasberi Pi 5 ba shi da analog.
Don shigar da Rasberi Pi OS Lite akan Rasberi Pi 4 - wanda ke da HDMI da analog ɗin waje - ana dawo da mai zuwa: lissafin yarjejeniya $ gajere.
69 alsa_output.platform-bcm2835_audio.stereo-fallback Pipe Waya s16le 2ch 48000Hz
70 alsa_output.platform-107c701400.hdmi.hdmi-stereo bututu Wire s32le 2ch 48000Hz DAKE
Don nunawa da canza tsoho nutse zuwa HDMI audio (lura da cewa yana iya zama tsoho) akan wannan shigarwa na Rasberi Pi OS Lite, shigar:
$ pactl samun-default- nutsewa
alsa_output.platform-bcm2835_audio.stereo-fallback
$ pactl saita-default-sink 70
$ pactl samun-default- nutsewa
alsa_output.platform-107c701400.hdmi.hdmi-stereo
Don kunna baya kamarample, da farko yana buƙatar loda shi zuwa sample cache, a cikin wannan yanayin akan tsoho tsoho. Kuna iya canza magudanar ruwa ta ƙara sunansa zuwa ƙarshen pactl play-sampda umurnin:
$ pactl upload-sampda sampku.mp3 samplema
$ pactl wasa-sampda samplema
Akwai umarnin Pulse Audio wanda ya fi sauƙi don amfani don kunna baya da sauti:
$paplay sampku.mp3
pactl yana da zaɓi don saita ƙarar don sake kunnawa. Saboda tebur yana amfani da kayan aikin Pulse Audio don samun da saita bayanan odiyo, aiwatar da waɗannan canje-canjen layin umarni kuma za'a bayyana a cikin madaidaicin ƙarar akan tebur.
Wannan example yana rage girma da 10%:
$ pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -10%
Wannan example saita girma zuwa 50%:
$ pactl set-sink-volume @ DEFAULT_SINK@ 50%
Akwai umarni da yawa na Pulse Audio waɗanda ba a ambata a nan ba. Pulse Audio webshafin (https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/) da kuma shafukan mutum na kowane umarni suna ba da cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin.
Bluetooth
Sarrafa Bluetooth daga layin umarni na iya zama tsari mai rikitarwa. Lokacin amfani da Rasberi Pi OS Lite, an riga an shigar da umarnin da suka dace. Umurni mafi amfani shine bluetoothctl, da wasu misaliampAna ba da damar yin amfani da shi a ƙasa.
Sanya na'urar ta sami damar zuwa wasu na'urori:
$ bluetoothctl ana iya gano shi
Sanya na'urar ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu na'urori:
$ bluetoothctl ana iya haɗa su
Duba na'urorin Bluetooth a cikin kewayon:
$ bluetoothctl duba
Kashe dubawa:
$ bluetoothctl scan off bluetoothctl shima yana da yanayin mu'amala, wanda ake kira ta amfani da umarni ba tare da sigogi ba. Mai zuwa example gudanar da yanayin hulɗa, inda aka shigar da umarnin jeri kuma aka nuna sakamakon, akan Rasberi Pi 4 mai gudana Rasberi Pi OS Lite Bookworm: $ bluetoothctl
Wakili yayi rajista
[Bluetooth] # jerin
Mai sarrafawa D8:3A:DD:3B:00:00 Pi4Lite [tsoho] [bluetooth]
Yanzu zaku iya rubuta umarni a cikin fassarar kuma za a kashe su. Tsarin al'ada don haɗawa da, sannan haɗi zuwa, na'ura na iya karantawa kamar haka: $ bluetoothctl
Wakili yayi rijista [bluetooth]# wanda za'a iya gano shi akan
Canjin da ake iya ganowa ya yi nasara
[CHG] Mai kula D8:3A:DD:3B:00:00 Ana iya ganowa akan [bluetooth] mai biyu a kunne
Canza nau'i-nau'i akan yayi nasara
[CHG] Mai Kula D8: 3A: DD: 3B: 00: 00 Mai haɗawa akan [bluetooth] # duba a kunne
<zai iya zama dogon jerin na'urori a cikin kusanci>
[Bluetooth] Biyu [Mac adireshin na'ura, daga umarnin duba ko daga na'urar kanta, a cikin nau'i xx: xx: xx: xx: xx: xx] [bluetooth]# scan off
[Bluetooth] Haɗa [Adireshin Mac iri ɗaya] Na'urar Bluetooth yakamata ta bayyana a cikin jerin sink, kamar yadda aka nuna a wannan tsohonampdaga shigarwar Rasberi Pi OS Lite:
$ pactl lissafin gajere
69 alsa_output.platform-bcm2835_audio.stereo-fallback Pipe Waya s16le 2ch 48000Hz
70 alsa_output.platform-107c701400.hdmi.hdmi-stereo bututu Wire s32le 2ch 48000Hz DAKE
71 bluez_output.CA_3A_B2_CA_7C_55.1 Pipe Wire s32le 2ch 48000Hz ANA KASHE
$ pactl saita-default-sink 71
$ paplayample_audio_file>
Za ka iya yanzu sanya wannan tsoho da kuma kunna mayar audio a kan shi.
Ƙarshe
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da yawa don samar da fitarwa mai jiwuwa daga na'urorin Raspberry Pi Ltd, suna biyan mafi yawan buƙatun mai amfani. Wannan farar takarda ta zayyana waɗannan hanyoyin kuma ta ba da bayanai game da yawancin su. Ana fatan cewa shawarar da aka gabatar a nan za ta taimaka wa mai amfani na ƙarshe ya zaɓi tsarin fitar da sauti mai kyau don aikin su. Sauƙaƙe exampAn ba da yadda ake amfani da tsarin sauti, amma mai karatu yakamata ya tuntuɓi littafin jagora da shafukan mutum don sauti da umarnin Bluetooth don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai.
Raspberry Pi alamar kasuwanci ce ta Raspberry Pi Ltd
Raspberry Pi Ltd. girma
Takardu / Albarkatu
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